联合国贸易发展委员会-财富分配、收入不平等与金融包容性：面板数据分析（英）-2023.4-21页_625kb

The paper examines the impact of income inequality and financial inclusion on wealth distribution using panel data from 1995 to 2021, covering global, developed, and developing country samples. Wealth inequality is found to be highly concentrated, with higher persistence than income inequality, driven significantly by its lagged values and savings rates. In developing countries, income inequality and return on deposits act as dis-equalizing factors, while financial inclusion reduces wealth inequality but lacks statistical significance in all samples after controlling for other variables. The results imply that policies should focus on reducing income inequality, promoting inclusive finance, and targeting savings to mitigate wealth disparities.

Key findings include the persistent nature of wealth inequality, with lagged wealth being the strongest driver in all samples. Regionally, wealth inequality varies, with Latin America showing high levels and Europe lower. Financial inclusion progresses but its equalizing effect is not robust statistically. Policy recommendations involve fiscal measures like inheritance taxes, income redistribution, and enhancing access to financial services to foster fair wealth distribution.