2024-11-24-联合国贸易发展委员-联合国贸易发展委员会-G20在促进绿色和公正转型中的作用（英）_58页_3mb

Background and Context:
The G20 has adopted key commitments, including the 2023 Action Plan on SDGs and High Level Principles on Lifestyles for Sustainable Development. The report positions green and just transitions as essential global efforts to achieve carbon neutrality by mid-century, emphasizing inclusivity and adaptation to each nation's context.

Challenges and Opportunities:

• Challenges: Climate change disproportionately affects vulnerable communities, exacerbating inequalities. Phasing out fossil fuels and carbon-intensive industries risks job losses and economic instability in certain regions.
• Opportunities: Green transitions can foster economic growth, create green jobs, and promote sustainable industries like renewable energy, circular economy, and blue economy. Just transitions ensure support for workers through reskilling and social protection.

Policy Coherence:
Effective transitions require integrated policies across environmental, social, and economic domains. A systemic approach ensures consistency between national and international policies, avoiding negative social and economic repercussions.

Recommendations:

• For G20:

  1. Adopt systemic approaches to align policies with sustainable development goals.
  2. Promote inclusive stakeholder participation and strengthen institutional co-operation.
  3. Invest in training and provide social protection to facilitate workforce transitions.
  4. Ensure territorial approaches to climate action, cascading commitments to subnational levels.

• For Multilateral Instruments:

  1. Integrate green and just transition provisions into climate and development frameworks.
  2. Enhance international finance mechanisms to support developing countries.
  3. Scale up climate finance, adaptation support, and technology transfer.

Conclusion:
Green and just transitions necessitate global co-operation, with the G20 playing a leadership role to align policies and ensure equitable outcomes. Inclusive approaches and robust international institutions are critical to achieving climate goals while fostering sustainable development.