联合国贸易发展委员会-全球科技创新合作促进发展（英）-2024-56页_4mb

Global cooperation in science, technology, and innovation (STI) is essential for addressing global challenges and advancing sustainable development. The analysis highlights four key elements for STI development: strategic planning, STI enablers, R&D, and innovation. Strategic planning calls for an inclusive global STI agenda and multilateral foresight systems to ensure equitable participation and consensus-building. STI enablers focus on digital infrastructure, interoperability, and capacity-building activities. R&D faces funding gaps, requiring public-private partnerships and increased international funding. Innovation mechanisms include technology transfer, test beds, incubators, and accelerators, which foster local and regional innovation. ODA for STI remains insufficient, with significant room for improvement. The UNCTAD plays a coordinated role in facilitating international collaboration and knowledge sharing, while regional and global initiatives, such as STI parks and hubs, enhance local innovation ecosystems.