2024-04-29-世界卫生组织-Road_safety_China_2023_country_profile_1页_202kb

China National Road Safety Profile Summary from Global Status Report 2023

Population and Regional Context

• Population: 1,425,893,465
• Income Group: Upper middle income
• WHO Region: Western Pacific Region
• Report Participation Years: 2009, 2013, 2015, 2018, 2023

Burden of Road Traffic

• Reported Fatalities: 62,218 in 2021
• Fatality Rates: WHO estimate: 17.4 deaths per 100,000 population in 2021
• User Distribution: 70% male, 30% female; 70% drivers, 26% passengers, 29% motorcycle riders, 20% cyclists, 12% pedestrians
• Speed Limits: Urban maximum 50 km/h, rural maximum 70 km/h, motorway maximum 120 km/h

Safe Road Infrastructure

• National laws: Requirement for speed limit setting; possibility for local authorities to modify limits
• Speed reduction targets: None specified nationally
• Road safety standards: No technical standards referenced for crash safety or compliance with UN conventions
• Auditing and inspection: No systematic approaches for assessing new roads
• Enforcement: Manual only

Safe Vehicles

• Testing and Inspection: Mandatory vehicle technical inspection and periodic testing for fatal crashes; random breath testing occurs
• Laws and Standards:
  • Drink-driving laws: National law with BAC limits (general ≤ 0.02 g/dl, novice ≤ 0.02 g/dl)
  • Helmet laws: National law for motorcycle riders and fastening requirements
  • Seat-belt laws: National law for all occupants, with regulations applying universally
  • Child passenger protection: Minimum age 12 years for passengers, with targets to increase use
• Regulation: No high-quality safety standards for used imports; electronic stability control and anti-lock braking systems laws exist

Post-Crash Response

• Emergency and rehabilitation services: National law for universal access to emergency care and free rehabilitative care, with a target to reduce emergency response time by 50% by 2025
• Post-crash care: Includes psychological services and good Samaritan laws
• Data collection: Mandatory third-party liability insurance data, adherence to UN conventions

Institutional Framework

• National strategies: Yes, with targets for fatality reduction (3% by 2025) and child safety
• Institutional mechanisms: National lead agency exists for strategy implementation, and agencies coordinate emergency services
• UN conventions: Compliance with one or more conventions among the 7 targeted

National Data Systems

• Data availability: Includes fatalities, speeding violations, insurance, influence-related incidents, and driving time regulations
• Reporting methods: Civil registration and vital statistics; compliance with data release targets

This summary covers key aspects of China's participation and road safety performance as detailed in the Global Status Report on Road Safety 2023.