【IMF】中央银行数字货币数据使用和隐私保护-2024_52页_1mb

CBDC Data Use and Privacy Protection Summary

Introduction

Central banks face the challenge of balancing CBDC data use and privacy protection. This memo discusses the trade-offs between collecting data for economic benefits and policy goals versus upholding user privacy.

1. Framework

• Countries should navigate trade-offs by considering policy objectives, cultural norms, legal requirements, and user trust.
• A framework requires careful design choices and technological solutions to address externalities and stakeholder incentives.

2. Design Considerations

• High/low data intensity: Countries can choose designs from highly privacy-focused (low data intensity) to more data-rich (high intensity) based on policy needs.
• Technology: Privacy-by-design and privacy-enhancing technologies (PETs) can help manage data sharing and use.

3. Tools

• Legal frameworks: Adopt principles like GDPR, ensuring data minimization, transparency, and purpose limitation.
• Privacy-enhancing technologies: Include tools like zero-knowledge proofs, multiparty computation, and cryptographic measures.

4. Cross-Border Issues

• Cross-border data flows must balance privacy with regulatory needs.
• International standards from bodies like FSB and FATF aim to address cross-border challenges.

5. Conclusions

• Central banks can enhance trust by transparently offering diverse CBDC designs and implementing privacy protections.
• Economic efficiency and policy goals can be achieved without compromising privacy through appropriate measures.