2023-05-05-世界银行-赋予南苏丹女孩和妇女权力（英）_141页_3mb

Summary of Empowering Girls and Women in South Sudan

Purpose:
This ASA study analyzes barriers and entry points to empower adolescent girls and women in South Sudan through investments in health, education, social protection, and jobs. It proposes actionable recommendations using a 4E Framework (Empower, Enhance, Educate, Employ and Enable) to foster gender equality and accelerate human capital development.

Context:
South Sudan faces severe poverty, conflict, and fragile conditions. Girls and women experience entrenched patriarchal norms, limited access to health services, poor education quality, and high rates of gender-based violence (GBV). COVID-19 exacerbated economic and educational disruptions.

1. Empower

Goals: Legal and societal change to promote women’s rights and agency.

• Key Barriers: Harmful customary laws (e.g., child marriage, bride wealth), GBV, traditional gender roles restricting education and careers.
• Actions:
  • Harmonize statutory and customary laws (e.g., criminalize rape, reform inheritance).
  • Promote women’s political participation (e.g., 35% quota in legislature).
  • Engage men and boys as champions of gender equality.
• Programs: UNFPA’s policy advocacy, Springboard Women’s Development training.

2. Enhance

Goals: Improve access to reproductive health services and maternal care.

• Key Barriers: Insufficient skilled health workers, supply shortages, distance to facilities, cultural stigma around family planning.
• Actions:
  • Strengthen referral systems, preposition health supplies, train CHWs.
  • Mainstream GBV prevention into health services.
  • Raise awareness on maternal health and family planning.
• Programs: UNICEF’s Essential Health Services Project, UNFPA’s prepositioning initiative.

3. Educate

Goals: Increase girls’ access to quality education.

• Key Barriers: Early marriage, poverty, long distances to schools, shortage of trained teachers.
• Actions:
  • Expand cash transfers, scholarships, and school feeding programs.
  • Improve school infrastructure, WASH facilities, and girl-friendly environments.
  • Train female teachers and develop storybooks to inspire girls.
• Programs: GESS (Girls’ Education Strategy), GESS cash transfers.

4. Employ and Enable

Goals: Promote women’s economic resilience through social protection and livelihoods.

• Key Barriers: Limited access to capital, low female labor force participation, GBV risks in workplaces.
• Actions:
  • Mainstream gender in social protection (e.g., cash-plus training).
  • Support savings groups, land rights, and agricultural livelihoods.
  • Enhance financial inclusion through mobile money and MFI linkages.
• Programs: South Sudan Safety Net Project (SSSNP), ElRhinos Social Protection.

Recommendations Summary

• Empower: Enact laws against harmful customs, promote women in peacebuilding.
• Enhance: Map referral systems, preposition supplies, train health staff.
• Educate: Expand scholarships, improve schools, combat dropout drivers.
• Employ: Integrate GBV prevention into safety nets, support livelihoods projects.

Conclusion: Addressing these issues requires sustained cross-sectoral efforts, leveraging existing programs while adapting to South Sudan’s unique context, supported by strong political commitment and community engagement.