2025-04-20-世界银行-释放家庭调查在衡量妇女获得社会保护方面的潜力_2025年社会保护状况报告背景文件6（英）_33页_725kb

Social Protection Gender Access Analysis Summary

This report analyzes sex-differentiated access to social protection and its impact on labor market gender gaps using data from 27 countries' household surveys.

Key Findings

• Women are more likely to receive social assistance transfers than men
• Women generally receive lower average per capita social protection transfers despite higher access rates
• Social insurance programs show significant gender gaps due to labor market participation differences
• Indices were developed to measure:
  1. Gender Progressivity Index: Assesses country-level gender equality in social protection provisions
  2. Net Earnings Index: Measures impact of social protection on labor market gender gaps

Recommendations

• Household surveys must collect individual-level social protection data
• Include information on program participation and transfer values at individual level
• Improve coordination between statistical offices and program implementers

Data Limitations

• Only 27 of 71 surveys analyzed contained individual-level social protection data
• Results limited by regional concentration and data availability gaps

Indices (Example):

• Higher female coverage ratio, lower female transfer ratio, creating discrepancies between access and benefits
• Works best when data comprehensive and collected systematically using standardized methodologies

Note: Data needed for country comparison and establishing universal benchmarks is not fully available in current household surveys.