2003-12-31-世界卫生组织-2004_GYTS_Fact_Sheet_Bhutan_1页_38kb

Bhutan Global Youth Tobacco Survey (GYTS) Summary

Core Content

The Bhutan Global Youth Tobacco Survey (GYTS), conducted in 2004, was a school-based survey targeting students in classes VII, VIII, and IX (ages 13-15). It aimed to gather data on tobacco use prevalence and the five key determinants influencing tobacco use: access/availability and price, exposure to secondhand smoke (SHS), cessation, media and advertising, and school curriculum. The survey used a two-stage cluster sampling method to ensure representative data across Bhutan.

Survey Methodology

• Sampling Method: Two-stage cluster sample design
  • First stage: Schools selected with probability proportional to enrollment size
  • Second stage: Classes randomly selected; all students in selected classes were eligible to participate
• Response Rates:
  • School response rate: 83.3%
  • Class response rate: 100.0%
  • Student response rate: 93.3%
  • Overall response rate: 77.7%
• Total Participants: 870 students

Prevalence of Tobacco Use

• Ever smoked cigarettes: 19.3%
• Currently use any tobacco product: 18.1% (Boy = 21.7%, Girl = 13.7%)
• Currently smoke cigarettes: 10.1% (Boy = 14.6%, Girl = 4.9%)
• Currently use other tobacco products: 10.6% (Boy = 11.3%, Girl = 9.9%)
• Likely to initiate smoking next year: 10.9% of never smokers

Knowledge and Attitudes

• Perception of smoking attractiveness:
  • 14.3% think boys who smoke look more attractive
  • 11.5% think girls who smoke look more attractive
• Belief in smoking's social benefits:
  • 36.0% think boys who smoke have more friends
  • 15.5% think girls who smoke have more friends

Access and Availability

• Current smokers:
  • 11.1% usually smoke at home
  • 41.3% buy cigarettes in a store

Exposure to Secondhand Smoke (SHS)

• Living conditions:
  • 29.2% live in homes where others smoke in their presence
  • 47.4% are exposed to smoke around others outside of the home
• Public opinion:
  • 19.8% think smoking should be banned in public places
  • 63.4% think smoke from others is harmful to them
• Family and peer influence:
  • 17.8% have one or more parents who smoke
  • 4.5% have most or all friends who smoke

Cessation

• Current smokers:
  • 87.0% want to stop smoking
  • 81.8% tried to stop smoking during the past year
  • 83.7% have ever received help to stop smoking

Media and Advertising

• Anti-smoking media messages: 74.5% of students saw these in the past 30 days
• Pro-cigarette advertising:
  • 62.6% saw ads on billboards
  • 69.2% saw ads in newspapers or magazines
• Brand exposure:
  • 9.1% have an object with a cigarette brand logo
  • 13.7% were offered free cigarettes by a tobacco company representative

School Curriculum

• Smoking education:
  • 56.7% had been taught about the dangers of smoking
  • 55.8% had been taught about the effects of tobacco use
  • 38.8% had discussed reasons why people their age smoke

Key Highlights

• Tobacco Use: 18.1% of students currently use any form of tobacco, with 10.1% smoking cigarettes and 10.6% using other tobacco products.
• SHS Exposure: High levels of exposure to secondhand smoke, with 29.2% living in homes where others smoke and 47.4% exposed outside the home.
• Public Awareness: Over 63% of students believe that smoke from others is harmful, and nearly 20% think smoking should be banned in public places.
• Smoking Intentions: 10.9% of never smokers are likely to start smoking next year.
• Cessation Intentions: 87% of current smokers want to stop, with 81.8% having attempted to quit in the past year.
• Media Influence: Anti-smoking messages are widely seen, while pro-tobacco ads are also prevalent. 13.7% of students were offered free cigarettes.
• School Education: Over half of the students received education on the dangers and effects of tobacco use, but fewer were exposed to discussions about smoking reasons among their peers.

This survey provides critical insights into the tobacco use landscape among Bhutanese youth and identifies areas for targeted intervention in a comprehensive tobacco control program.