2010-03-05-世界卫生组织-Health_of_migrants_-_the_way_forward_119页_3mb

Summary of "Health of Migrants − the Way Forward"

This report is the outcome of a 2010 Global Consultation on Migrant Health, organized by WHO, IOM, and the Spanish Ministry of Health and Social Policy. The consultation addressed challenges and priorities in improving the health outcomes of migrants globally. Below is a summary of the key aspects of the report:

1. Monitoring Migrant Health

• There is a critical need for standardized approaches to monitor migrant health to ensure comparability and applicability of data across countries.
• Priority actions include collecting data on migration variables (e.g., country/region of birth, duration of stay), monitoring health-seeking behaviors, improving data linking across sectors (health, immigration, employment), and utilizing tools like census data and health surveys to track trends.
• Challenges include discrepancies in terminology, lack of uniform definitions, and inadequate measurement of health determinants and outcomes specific to migration.
• Recommendations involve developing a minimum set of indicators, promoting qualitative research to complement quantitative data, and improving access to health information among migrants.

2. Policy and Legal frameworks affecting migrants’ health

• National policies must align with international human rights standards, particularly regarding equitable access to health services for all migrants (irregular or regular).
• Ensuring migrant rights to health requires removing discriminatory barriers, promoting coherence between sectors (health, immigration, labor), and implementing policies that extend social protection to migrants.
• Key recommendations are to adopt migrant-sensitive policies, include migrants clearly in health information systems, strengthen post-entry health assessments, and ensure the right to health as outlined in treaties like the International Convention on Migrant Workers.

3. Migrant-Sensitive Health systems

• Health systems should be adapted to provide services that are linguistically, culturally, and gender-sensitive to address a diverse set of health needs among migrants.
• Priority actions include training health workers to recognize cultural barriers, ensuring adequate translation and interpretation services, empowering migrants through participation in healthcare delivery, and integrating migrant health into primary care.
• Recommendations involve focal points within governments for migrant health, developing performance frameworks for health systems, analyzing costs of addressing migrant health gaps, and involving diaspora health workers.

4. Partnerships, networks and multi country frameworks

• Migrant health requires coordinated efforts across sectors and countries – including origin, transit, and destination countries.
• Priority actions include establishing ongoing dialogues for health cooperation, creating regional agreements to address shared health challenges, and building a resource clearinghouse for best practices.
• Recommendations include forming multi-stakeholder working groups, incorporating migrant health into global funds (like GFATM), supporting exchanges along migration routes, and strengthening platforms like GFMD and regional consultative processes.

Key Outcomes & Next Steps

• The consultation identified an operational framework with prioritized actions across monitoring, policy, health systems, and partnerships.
• Member States are urged to develop national strategic plans for migrant health, increase data collection, and engage in global technical cooperation.
• High-level commitment is needed from all stakeholders – governments, international organizations, civil society, and communities – to protect the health and rights of all migrants.

Note: This summary reflects the consultation outcomes but is not an exhaustive account of all discussions, thematic papers, or supporting documentation included in the full report.