2001-12-31-世界卫生组织-2002_STEPS_Fact_Sheet_Micronesia_Federated_States_of_2页_67kb

FSM (Pohnpei) STEPS Survey 2002 Summary

Introduction and Methodology

The FSM (Pohnpei) STEP Survey was conducted in November-December 2002 to assess chronic disease risk factors among adults aged 25-64 years. It employed a multi-staged cluster sampling design with a response rate of 78% and included 1638 participants. Data collection involved three steps: (1) gathering sociodemographic and behavioral information, (2) recording physical measurements like height, weight, blood pressure, and (3) conducting biochemical tests to measure blood glucose, cholesterol, and other relevant levels.

Key Findings from Step 1 (Sociodemographic and Behavioral Factors)

• Tobacco Use: Current smoking prevalence was 31.6%, highest in males (42.0%), who began smoking earlier (average age 15.3 years) and smoked more manufactured cigarettes daily compared to females and overall.
• Alcohol Consumption: A high percentage (71%) were abstainers, with young-adult males most likely to drink. Heavy episodic drinking was reported.
• Diet: Fruit and vegetable intake was low, with 81.8% consuming less than 5 servings per day. Similar trends observed across genders.
• Physical Activity: Only 22.2% met high-activity thresholds, with 64.3% having low activity levels. Females had lower average daily activity.

Key Findings from Step 2 (Physical Measurements)

• Body Mass: Mean BMI was 29.4, with 73.1% overweight and 42.6% obese, higher among females.
• Waist Circumference: Average was 91.5 cm, indicating central adiposity.
• Blood Pressure: Elevated rates were noted, especially in those age 45-64, with about 21.2% having raised BP when including medication use.

Key Findings from Step 3 (Biochemical Measurements)

• Blood Glucose: 6.3% had impaired fasting glycaemia, and 32.1% had raised glucose levels or were on medication.
• Cholesterol: Over half (46.6%) had raised total cholesterol, affecting similar proportions across genders.

Summary of Combined Risk Factors

Combining key risk factors (smoking, low fruit/veg/sedentary behavior, raised BMI/BP), only a small percentage (1.0% overall) had none, while high proportions (average over 52%) had three or more risk factors. Risk was elevated in older adulthood across all genders, with females showing higher obesity and lower activity levels.