2024-06-24-世界卫生组织-WHO_s_Operational_Update_on_Health_Emergencies_-_May_2024_20页_3mb

WHO Operational Update on Health Emergencies - Key Highlights (May 2024)

1. Overview of Operations

• Emergency Response: WHO is actively responding to 41 graded emergencies, including 8 Grade-3, 4 Grade-2, and 4 Grade-1 emergencies as of May 15, 2024.
• 2024 Donations: $23.9 million allocated through the Contingency Fund for Emergencies (CFE), supporting 23 health emergencies, with the largest allocations for the Dengue Global Outbreak, Israel/Palestinian hostilities, and Northern Ethiopia floods.
• Global Outbreak Alert and Response Network (GOARN): 27 deployments in 2024, supporting responses to outbreaks like Dengue, Cholera in Zambia, and the Greater Horn of Africa Drought.
• Standby Partners: Deployed 16 surge personnel to support 27 emergencies in 2024, primarily in FCV settings (Fragile, Conflict, and Vulnerable countries).

2. Strengthening Preparedness and Resilience

• GPW14 Protect Pillar: Focuses on enhancing preparedness, readiness, and resilience to health emergencies by identifying critical gaps through tools like the Joint External Evaluation (JEE) and SPAR (State Parties Self-Assessment Annual Report).
• Medical Oxygen Supply: WHO is supporting countries to establish national oxygen systems, critical during emergencies, especially in LMICs.
• Rehabilitation and Assistive Technology: WHO integrates these services in humanitarian responses, noting urgent needs for $2.5 billion global population.

3. Case Studies

• Dengue Outbreak in Samoa: Enhanced surveillance, clinical management, and community engagement to control outbreaks.
• Polio Eradication in Southern Africa: Successful containment of WPV1 in Malawi and Mozambique through coordinated vaccination campaigns.
• Libya Mental Health Strategy: 2024–2030 strategy aims to integrate mental health into primary care and support crisis-affected populations.
• Wild Poliovirus Halt: Collaboration with GPEI partners to stop transmission in Southern African countries.

4. Technical Tools and Innovations

• Go.Data Transition to Open Source: Launched in 2024, this tool aids contact tracing and data collection in health emergencies.
• WHO Benchmarks: A strategic framework launched in April 2024 to help countries prioritize actions based on IHR (2005) assessments.
• Radiation Emergency Training: WHO partnered with Moldova to train medical professionals in nuclear and radiological incidents.
• Oxygen Delivery Model (CERN Collaboration): New model quantifies airborne transmission risk to inform ventilation standards.

5. Partnerships and Collaborations

• Standby Partnerships: Strengthened partnerships with 10 organizations providing surge support to WHO field operations.
• GPW14 Implementation: Approved Global Health Assembly (WHA 77) in May 2024 outlines a roadmap for health emergency preparedness by 2028.

6. Learning and Capacity Development

• Ebola Training: Potentially reaching 30,000 personnel from 123 countries with updated courses focusing on mission protocols.
• Field Epidemiology Framework: New COHFE (One Health Competencies) are being integrated into Nigeria’s training programs.
• OpenWHO Platform: Total of 8.6 million enrolments in 2024, with learning available in 72 languages.

Key Statistics (as of May 2024)

• WHO’s Logistics Hub (Dubai) delivered over 530 metric tonnes of health supplies through 20 charter flights in 2024.
• Emergency Response Goals: Exceeding previous KPIs for value of goods received, volume delivered, and funds raised ($1.5B for 2024 Health Emergency Appeal).

7. Advocacy and Awareness

• EIOS Initiative in Sri Lanka: Training 35 institutions to use public health intelligence tools for event-based surveillance.
• Reducing Zero-Dose Children: WHO campaigns aim to decrease gaps in immunization amid crises like conflict in Myanmar.

8. Key Resources

• Dashboard & Appeals: WHO Health Emergency Dashboard, Health Emergency Appeal 2024 (US$1.5B requested).
• Publications: Access to technical guidance via WHO Publications and OpenWHO Training Platform.
• Cluster Coordination: Health Cluster and Health Security Learning platforms for emergency coordination.

Closing

WHO emphasizes the urgency of strengthening global health emergency preparedness, capacity building, and equitable access to health services. The organization leads collaborative efforts across FCV settings to build resilient health systems worldwide.