亚开行-泰国气候融资格局_弥合通往净零排放的差距（英）-2025.8_8页_1mb

Thailand's Climate Finance Analysis

Key Findings

• Current Investment (2018-2024):

  • Total climate mitigation investments: B1.6 trillion (~$47 billion).
  • Energy (48%) and transport (16%) dominate.
  • Adaptation receives <1% of total climate finance.
  • Corporate/commercial banks account for ~60% of climate finance.

• Funding Sources: Primarily corporations (~44.8%), followed by commercial banks (~20.2%) and state-owned enterprises (~16.3%).

• Sectoral Investment:

  • Energy and transport: ~$86 billion combined, highlighting ease of financing.
  • Underfunded areas: Agriculture, water, waste, and forestry (~$2-4 billion combined).
  • Adaptation remains particularly underfunded.

• Financing Gap (2030-2050):

  • Thailand needs $10-15 billion annually in climate investment by 2030.
  • Energy gap is particularly large ($4-8 billion vs. current $4 billion).
  • Agriculture and industry face significant shortfalls.

Recommendations

1. Catalytic Finance: Promote blended finance to lower risks in early-stage sustainability projects.
2. Green Capital Markets: Enhance green bond issuance to attract institutional and retail investors.
3. Institutional Capacity & Data Systems: Build coordination and standardize climate finance reporting.
4. Project Framework & Partnerships: Use transparent frameworks and public-private collaboration.

Challenges & Gaps

• Uneven distribution of funding, concentrated in high-income sectors.
• Limited private investment in climate adaptation and under-resourced sectors.
• Need for standardized data to better allocate climate finance.

Conclusion

Thailand is making progress in climate mitigation but faces a significant financing gap. Bridging this requires systemic upgrades, catalytic finance, stronger institutional reporting, and robust policy frameworks to ensure climate-resilient, low-carbon development.