报告：从LTE到5G的演进（英）-12页_1mb

Summary: Evolution from LTE to 5G

Core Content

This report by the Global Mobile Suppliers Association (GSA) provides an in-depth analysis of the global evolution from LTE to 5G, covering market status, deployment trends, and spectrum usage. It outlines the current state of LTE, LTE-Advanced, LTE-Advanced Pro, and 5G technologies, emphasizing the transition from non-standalone (NSA) to standalone (SA) 5G networks.

Main Points

LTE Market Status

• Global Reach: LTE has been deployed in 240 countries/territories, with 811 operators running public LTE networks.
• VoLTE: 281 operators in 128 countries/territories are investing in VoLTE, with 228 of them having launched commercial services in 108 countries/territories.
• LTE-Advanced: 328 operators have launched LTE-Advanced networks in 148 countries/territories, and 361 are investing in the technology across 156 countries/territories.
• Cat-18 and Cat-19: Twelve operators support Cat-18 DL speeds, with six supporting Cat-19 DL speeds in limited geographic areas.
• TDD LTE: 252 operators are deploying or operating TDD-based LTE or 5G networks.
• FWA: LTE-based FWA services are available in 169 countries/territories, with 425 operators offering these services.

5G Market Status

• Global Activity: 443 operators in 133 countries/territories are investing in 5G, either through deployment, testing, or spectrum acquisition.
• Commercial Launches: 169 operators in 70 countries/territories have announced 3GPP-compatible 5G service launches (either mobile or FWA).
• 5G Standalone (SA): 79 operators in 42 countries/territories are investing in 5G SA for public networks.
• Early 5G SA Launches: Several operators, including China Mobile, China Telecom, China Unicom, T-Mobile, RAIN, and DIRECTV, have launched 5G SA networks in various regions.
• 5G FWA: 63 operators are marketing 5G FWA broadband services, up by over 43% in six months.

Spectrum Usage

• LTE Spectrum: LTE, LTE-Advanced, and LTE-Advanced Pro can be deployed in dozens of licensed bands, starting from 450 MHz up to nearly 6 GHz.
• 5G Spectrum: 5G uses a broader range, including all LTE bands and new mmWave bands. Sub-6 GHz bands, especially C-Band, are widely used, while mmWave is being explored for high-capacity areas.
• Technology-Neutral Licenses: Many spectrum licenses are issued on a technology-neutral basis, allowing for future use in LTE or 5G.

Key Information

LTE and 5G FWA

• LTE-based FWA services are available in 169 countries/territories, with 425 operators offering these services.
• 5G FWA services are being marketed by 63 operators, up from the previous report.

LTE-Advanced and LTE-Advanced Pro

• LTE-Advanced Pro introduces new LPWA solutions (LTE-M, eMTC, NB-IoT) and enhances network capabilities with features like carrier aggregation, massive MIMO, and 256QAM.
• Over 200 operators are investing in LTE-Advanced Pro technologies.

5G Standalone (SA) Networks

• The first 5G SA networks have been launched, with operators like China Mobile, China Telecom, and T-Mobile leading the way.
• GSA has identified 79 operators investing in 5G SA across 42 countries/territories.

TDD and mmWave Spectrum

• TDD is increasingly used in 5G, particularly in C-Band (n77 and n78), with 243 operators investing in 5G using these bands.
• mmWave bands (n257 to n261) are being tested and deployed, with 28 operators already using them for 5G.

Band 3 (1800 MHz)

• Band 3 is widely used for LTE in Europe, APAC, MEA, and parts of South America.
• It is also being evaluated for 5G, with some operators launching or testing 5G using this band.

Bands 5 and 20 (800 and 850 MHz)

• These bands are mainstream for LTE, with Band 20 being the most used.
• A few operators are using them for 5G, including in Puerto Rico, the USA, Australia, and Japan.

Band 7 (2.6 GHz)

• Band 7 is widely licensed and deployed for LTE.
• It is also being considered for 5G, with some operators leasing or planning to use it.

700 MHz Bands

• 700 MHz is the next most widely licensed FDD band after 2.6 GHz, with 213 operators investing in LTE.
• It is being evaluated for 5G, with 55 operators recently licensed for 5G use in this band.

Conclusion

The evolution from LTE to 5G is well underway, with LTE still playing a crucial role in global connectivity and serving as a foundation for 5G deployments. The transition to 5G standalone networks is gaining momentum, and the use of diverse spectrum bands, including TDD and mmWave, is enabling new capabilities and services. GSA continues to monitor and report on these developments, providing valuable insights for the global mobile ecosystem.