2017年全球性别差距报告（英文版）-31mb

Summary of the Global Gender Gap Report 2017

Core Content

The Global Gender Gap Report 2017, published annually by the World Economic Forum, is a comprehensive analysis of gender disparities across the globe. It is based on a research collaboration with LinkedIn and provides data across four key dimensions: Economic Participation and Opportunity, Educational Attainment, Health and Survival, and Political Empowerment. The report uses the Global Gender Gap Index (GGGI) to measure the relative gaps between women and men in these areas.

The GGGI is designed to reflect the magnitude of gender-based disparities and track progress over time. It does not set priorities for countries but provides a framework for understanding and comparing gender gaps. The report also emphasizes the importance of gender parity for economic growth and innovation, suggesting that closing gender gaps can lead to significant economic benefits.

Key Findings

• Global Progress: In 2017, the average progress on closing the global gender gap stands at 68.0%, meaning a 32.0% gap remains to be closed globally.
• Health Gaps: 96% of the health gap between women and men has been closed, remaining unchanged from the previous year.
• Education Gaps: 95.3% of the education gap has been closed, a slight decrease from the previous year.
• Economic Gaps: Only 58% of the economic participation gap has been closed, marking a second consecutive year of reversed progress.
• Political Gaps: 23% of the political empowerment gap has been closed, with no change from the previous year.
• Time to Close Gaps: Based on current trends, the global gender gap could be closed in 100 years for 106 countries. However, the economic gender gap would take 217 years to close.
• Regional Performance:
  • Western Europe has the smallest remaining gap at 25%.
  • North America has a gap of 28%.
  • Eastern Europe and Central Asia has a gap of 29%.
  • Latin America and the Caribbean has a gap of 29.8%.
  • East Asia and the Pacific has a gap of 31.7%.
  • Sub-Saharan Africa has a gap of 32.4%.
  • South Asia has a gap of 34%.
  • Middle East and North Africa has a gap of 39.7%, crossing the 40% threshold for the first time in 2017.

Main Points

• Talentism Era: The report emphasizes that in the new era of talentism, the integration of women into the talent pool is critical for national and business competitiveness.
• Industry-Level Gaps: There are significant gender gaps in certain industries, with men underrepresented in Education and Health and Welfare, and women underrepresented in Engineering, Manufacturing and Construction, and Information, Communication and Technology.
• Economic Benefits: Improving gender parity can lead to substantial economic gains, with estimates suggesting that achieving gender parity could increase GDP in various countries by hundreds of billions to trillions of dollars.
• Methodology: The GGGI is based on four subindexes and 14 indicators, using a four-step process for construction. The methodology remains consistent since its introduction in 2006, ensuring reliable cross-country and time-series analysis.

Key Indicators and Sources

Conclusion

The 2017 report highlights the importance of gender parity in driving economic growth and innovation. It underscores the need for policy changes, corporate responsibility, and public-private collaboration to close gender gaps. While some regions and countries have made notable progress, the report calls for greater awareness and action to accelerate the movement toward gender equality globally.