2022-11-14-世界卫生组织-Multi-country_outbreak_of_monkeypox,_External_situation_report_10_-_16_November_2022_20页_956kb

Summary of Multi-country Monkeypox Outbreak:

The multi-country monkeypox outbreak has seen 79,411 laboratory-confirmed cases and 50 deaths globally, as reported as of November 13, 2022, with cases distributed across 110 countries. The number of cases declined by 17% weekly compared to the previous period, but the European Region experienced an increase after two weeks of decline. Risk assessment by WHO indicates high risk in Europe and the Americas, moderate in Africa, Eastern Mediterranean, and Southeast Asia, and low in the Western Pacific.

The outbreak predominantly affects young men, with 96.9% of cases reported as male and a median age of 34 years. Transmission is primarily through sexual contact, sharing behavioral risks with HIV. Tecovirimat, an antiviral approved for smallpox treatment, has been made available for monkeypox under emergency protocols, particularly for low- and middle-income countries.

WHO declared the outbreak a Public Health Emergency of International Concern, recommending public health measures such as surveillance, contact tracing, isolation, and targeted vaccination for high-risk groups like gay, bisexual, and other men who have sex with men, sex workers, and healthcare personnel. Vaccination is not advised for mass use but should complement other interventions. Additionally, efforts include risk communication to reduce stigma and community engagement, especially in settings conducive to intimate encounters.

Regional updates highlight that the European Region accounts for over 30% of global cases, with Spain, France, the UK, and Germany reporting the most cases, and sexual transmission being common in 94% of cases. The Southeast Asia Region reported fewer cases, with India being the primary country. The outbreak is evolving, and continuous monitoring is advised.

Key recommendations include strengthening laboratory capacities, improving clinical management, and preparing for potential increases in case numbers. WHO continues to coordinate internationally, providing technical support and resources to manage the outbreak effectively.