2025-01-09-世界经济论坛-2025年未来就业报告_290页_16mb

Future of Jobs Report 2025 Summary

Core Content

The Future of Jobs Report 2025 is a comprehensive analysis of the evolving global labour market, focusing on the major drivers of change and the implications for jobs, skills, and workforce strategies from 2025 to 2030. The report is based on the perspectives of over 1,000 global employers, representing more than 14 million workers across 22 industry clusters and 55 economies. It also incorporates data and insights from partnerships with ADP, Coursera, Indeed, and LinkedIn.

Main Trends and Findings

1. Major Drivers of Labour-Market Transformation

• Technological Change: Expected to be the most transformative trend, with 60% of employers anticipating its impact by 2030. Key technologies include AI and information processing (86%), robotics and automation (58%), and energy generation, storage, and distribution (41%).
• Geoeconomic Fragmentation and Geopolitical Tensions: Expected to drive business model transformation in 34% of surveyed organizations. Employers are increasingly looking to offshore and re-shore operations, increasing demand for security-related skills and human-centric competencies like resilience, flexibility, and agility.
• Economic Uncertainty: The second most transformative trend, with 50% of employers expecting it to affect their business by 2030. Despite a projected reduction in global inflation, the cost of living is a top concern.
• Climate Change Mitigation and Adaptation: The third and sixth most transformative trends, respectively. These are driving demand for green and energy transition roles, such as renewable energy engineers and environmental engineers.
• Demographic Shifts: Aging populations in high-income economies and expanding working-age populations in lower-income economies are shaping the demand for skills in healthcare, education, and talent management.

2. Jobs Outlook

• Job Growth and Loss: Structural changes are expected to result in the creation of 170 million new jobs and the displacement of 92 million existing ones by 2030, leading to a net job growth of 78 million.
• Fastest-Growing Jobs:
  • Frontline roles: Farmworkers, delivery drivers, construction workers, salespersons, and food processing workers.
  • Technology-related roles: Big Data Specialists, Fintech Engineers, AI and Machine Learning Specialists, Software and Application Developers.
  • Green and Energy Transition roles: Autonomous and Electric Vehicle Specialists, Environmental Engineers, Renewable Energy Engineers.
• Fastest-Dropping Jobs: Clerical and Secretarial Workers (Cashiers, Ticket Clerks, Administrative Assistants), Postal Service Clerks, Bank Tellers, and Data Entry Clerks.

3. Skills Outlook

• Top Skills in Demand:
  • Analytical thinking (most sought after).
  • Resilience, flexibility, and agility.
  • Leadership and social influence.
  • AI and big data.
  • Networks and cybersecurity.
  • Technology literacy.
  • Creative thinking.
  • Curiosity and lifelong learning.
• Skills in Decline:
  • Manual dexterity, endurance, and precision.
• Skill Instability: On average, 39% of existing skills will be transformed or become outdated by 2030, down from 44% in 2023 and 57% in 2020.
• Upskilling and Reskilling: 59% of the global workforce is expected to need training by 2030. Of these, 29% will be upskilled in their current roles, 19% will be upskilled and redeployed, and 11% are unlikely to receive necessary training, risking their employment prospects.

4. Workforce Strategies

• Skill Gaps as a Barrier: 63% of employers identify skill gaps as the biggest obstacle to business transformation.
• Upskilling and Hiring: 85% of employers plan to prioritize upskilling their workforce, 70% expect to hire staff with new skills, 40% plan to reduce staff as skills become less relevant, and 50% plan to transition staff from declining to growing roles.
• Talent Attraction: Supporting employee health and well-being is a top strategy for attracting talent, alongside effective reskilling and improving talent progression.
• Public Policies: Funding and provision of reskilling and upskilling are the most welcomed public policies to boost talent availability.

5. Diversity, Equity, and Inclusion (DEI)

• Growth in DEI Initiatives: 83% of employers now have DEI initiatives in place, up from 67% in 2023.
• Regional Trends: Companies in North America and those with over 50,000 employees have the highest adoption rates (96% and 95%, respectively).

6. Wage Strategies

• Wage Allocation: 52% of employers expect to increase their share of revenue allocated to wages by 2030.
• AI Impact: Half of employers plan to re-orient their business in response to AI, two-thirds intend to hire talent with specific AI skills, and 40% expect to reduce their workforce where AI can automate tasks.

Key Insights by Region, Economy, and Industry

• Global Unemployment Rate: At 4.9% (lowest since 1991), but disparities exist, especially in low-income economies.
• Youth Unemployment: Remains elevated at 13%, with significant differences between economies at different income levels.
• Jobs Gap: Measured by the ILO, it has decreased globally but increased in low-income economies.
• Labour Force Participation: Rebounded post-pandemic, with lower-middle-income economies showing the largest growth.

Conclusion

The Future of Jobs Report 2025 underscores the need for multistakeholder collaboration to address the challenges and opportunities presented by the evolving job market. It highlights the importance of reskilling, upskilling, and adapting to new technologies and economic conditions. The report also emphasizes the role of diversity, equity, and inclusion in enhancing talent availability and the need for policy support in facilitating workforce transformation. As the global labour market continues to shift, the report serves as a critical guide for businesses, governments, and individuals to prepare for the future of work.