世界经济论坛-2025年就业前景报告（英）-2025.1_290页_8mb

Future of Jobs Report 2025 Summary

Core Content

The Future of Jobs Report 2025 is a comprehensive analysis of the global labor market transformation expected between 2025 and 2030. It highlights the key drivers of change, the evolving job and skills landscape, and the strategies organizations are adopting to navigate these shifts. The report is based on the perspectives of over 1,000 global employers, representing more than 14 million workers across 22 industry clusters and 55 economies.

Main Trends and Findings

1. Major Drivers of Labour-Market Transformation

• Technological Change: Expected to be the most transformative trend, with 60% of employers anticipating its impact by 2030. AI and information processing (86%), robotics and automation (58%), and energy generation, storage, and distribution (41%) are also significant.
• Geoeconomic Fragmentation and Geopolitical Tensions: Expected to drive business model transformation in 34% of surveyed organizations. This trend increases demand for security and network/cybersecurity skills.
• Economic Uncertainty: The second-most transformative trend, with 50% of employers expecting it to impact their business by 2030. It is also linked to the need for resilience, flexibility, and creative thinking.
• Climate Change Mitigation and Adaptation: Climate change mitigation is the third-most transformative trend, while climate adaptation ranks sixth. These trends are driving demand for green and energy transition roles.
• Demographic Shifts: Aging populations in higher-income economies and expanding working-age populations in lower-income economies are shaping labor market demand. These shifts are increasing the need for talent management, teaching, and motivation skills.

2. Jobs Outlook

• Job Creation and Destruction: By 2030, 22% of current jobs are expected to be replaced or created due to structural labor market changes. This will result in the creation of 170 million new jobs and the displacement of 92 million existing ones.
• Fastest-Growing Jobs:
  • Frontline roles: Farmworkers, delivery drivers, construction workers, salespersons, and food processing workers.
  • Care economy roles: Nursing professionals, social work and counseling professionals, and personal care aides.
  • Education roles: Tertiary and secondary education teachers.
  • Technology-related roles: Big data specialists, fintech engineers, AI and machine learning specialists, and software and application developers.
  • Green and energy transition roles: Autonomous and electric vehicle specialists, environmental engineers, and renewable energy engineers.
• Fastest-Diminishing Jobs:
  • Clerical and secretarial workers (e.g., cashiers, ticket clerks, administrative assistants).
  • Postal service clerks, bank tellers, and data entry clerks.

3. Skills Outlook

• Top Skills in Demand:
  • Analytical thinking (most sought-after core skill, cited by 70% of employers).
  • Resilience, flexibility, and agility.
  • Leadership and social influence.
  • AI and big data (fastest-growing skills).
  • Networks and cybersecurity.
  • Technology literacy.
• Skills in Decline:
  • Manual dexterity, endurance, and precision (24% of respondents expect reduced importance).
• Reskilling and Upskilling:
  • 59% of the global workforce is expected to need reskilling or upskilling by 2030.
  • 29% will be upskilled within their current roles, while 19% will be upskilled and redeployed.
  • 11% are unlikely to receive necessary training, increasing their employment risks.

4. Workforce Strategies

• Skill Gaps as a Major Barrier: 63% of employers identify skill gaps as the biggest challenge to business transformation.
• Upskilling Priorities: 85% of employers plan to prioritize upskilling, 70% intend to hire with new skills, and 40% expect to reduce staff as their skills become less relevant.
• Talent Attraction: Supporting employee health and well-being is a top strategy for attracting talent. Effective reskilling, progression, and promotion are also key.
• Public Policies: Funding and provision of reskilling and upskilling are seen as the most welcomed public policies to enhance talent availability.

5. Diversity, Equity, and Inclusion (DEI)

• Growth in DEI Initiatives: 83% of employers now have DEI initiatives in place, up from 67% in 2023.
• Regional Differences: DEI is most prevalent in North America (96% uptake) and among employers with over 50,000 employees (95%).
• Employment Trends: 52% of employers anticipate increasing wage share, while 8% expect a decline.

Key Insights by Region, Economy, and Industry

• The report provides detailed insights for nine regions, 55 economies, and 22 industry clusters.
• Labour Market Disparities:
  • Global unemployment rate is at 4.9%, the lowest since 1991, but disparities exist between income groups.
  • Women’s unemployment rates remain higher than men’s, especially in low-income and lower-middle-income economies.
  • Youth unemployment is at 13%, with significant disparities in NEET rates across income levels.
• Jobs Gap:
  • The ILO’s jobs gap metric shows a need for 402 million additional jobs in 2024.
  • Low-income economies have seen an increase in the jobs gap, while lower-middle-income economies have seen the largest reduction.

Conclusion

The Future of Jobs Report 2025 emphasizes the need for multistakeholder collaboration to address the challenges and opportunities arising from technological and structural changes in the labor market. It underscores the importance of reskilling and upskilling, diversity and inclusion, and employee well-being in shaping the future of work. The report serves as a call to action for businesses, governments, and educators to prepare for the evolving labor market and to invest in the development of future-ready skills.