2022年净零行业追踪（英）-111页_35mb

Net-Zero Industry Tracker Summary

The Net-Zero Industry Tracker report by the World Economic Forum, in collaboration with Accenture, establishes a framework to monitor and support heavy industries' transition to net-zero emissions by 2050. These industries account for nearly 40% of global energy consumption and over 30% of global greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions.

Key Findings

• Current State: Industrial sectors face significant challenges in decarbonization due to complex processes, limited data visibility, and varying emission boundaries.
• Challenges: Efforts are lagging, with significant gaps in heavy industries. Supply chain complexity, multiple production processes, and global fragmentation are major hurdles.
• Pathways: Decarbonization pathways vary by sector but generally include technology innovation, infrastructure development, policy support, demand signals, and capital allocation.

Cross-Industry Insights

The framework combines two lenses to track industries' progress:

1. Net-Zero Performance: Assesses emission reduction and energy efficiency.
2. Net-Zero Readiness: Evaluates five enabling dimensions: Technology, Infrastructure, Demand, Policies, and Capital.

Only 65% of global aluminium production and 19% of global steel production meet current 2030 emission thresholds, highlighting the need for urgent action.

Sector-Specific Accelerators and Recommendations

1. Steel: Focus on scaling low-emission projects, developing infrastructure for clean hydrogen and CO2 storage, and strengthening demand signals.

2. Cement: Prioritize carbon capture, storage, and transport infrastructure development, coupled with policy incentives.

3. Aluminium: Promote recycling networks, boost low-emission projects, and develop low-carbon power infrastructure.

4. Ammonia: Accelerate blue and green hydrogen deployment and differentiate low-emission markets through policy action.

5. Oil: Rapidly deploy methane capture technologies and stimulate demand for low-emission oil products.

6. Natural Gas: Scale methane reduction efforts and invest in CO2 transport infrastructure.

Cross-Sector Recommendations

• Track Full-Scale Demonstration Projects: To accelerate commercial readiness of low-emission technologies.
• Develop Enabling Infrastructure: Accelerate investments in low-carbon power, hydrogen, and CO2 storage.
• Strengthen Multistakeholder Collaboration: Build partnerships across customers, suppliers, and governments.
• Establish Common Standards: Define "low-emission" production thresholds for each industry.
• Scale Demand Signals: Provide visibility and pricing signals for low-emission products.
• Incentivize Public Policy: Reinforce market conditions with taxonomies, carbon pricing, and border adjustments.
• Advance Risk-Sharing Mechanisms: Support low-emission markets with public financial mechanisms.

Conclusion

The transition to net-zero requires a paradigm shift in collaboration, investment, infrastructure, policy, and demand. Addressing structural barriers while maintaining equity and justice is critical to ensuring a successful transition. The Net-Zero Industry Tracker aims to establish a robust platform for tracking and accelerating the journey to net-zero industries by the end of the decade.