世界银行-来自也门的声音（英）-2023.9-50页_21mb

Voices from Yemen Report Summary

• Overview: The report captures authentic voices of Yemeni citizens enduring a decade-long conflict, economic crisis, and near-famine. It highlights their daily struggles, innovative yet destructive coping mechanisms, and the interlinkages between conflict, households, markets, institutions, and humanitarian response.

• Key Findings:

  1. Food Insecurity:

     • Yemeni households drastically reduced food consumption due to high prices, asset sales, borrowing, and inconsistent employment. Strategies included prioritizing children's meals and switching from gas to wood for cooking, undermining women's roles.
     • Food prices surged, making it unaffordable despite inflation. Coping strategies, such as selling gold or guns, exacerbated vulnerabilities.

  2. Basic Services (Education & Health):

     • Education quality worsened due to teacher shortages (salary issues, displacement), lack of textbooks, destroyed infrastructure, and overcrowded classrooms. Enrollment declined due to household income loss and distance to schools.
     • Healthcare faced resource shortages, facility closures, and rising patient costs. Patients deferred care for emergencies, leading to avoidable deaths; maternal/child health and specialized care were particularly inaccessible.

  3. Livelihoods:

     • Employment was volatile and insufficient, pushing citizens into juggling multiple low-paying jobs or selling businesses due to inflation, blockades, and demand shifts. Gender disparities limited women's economic participation.

  4. Displacement:

     • IDPs faced severe challenges in accessing safety, food, and resettlement. Displacement stemmed from conflict (direct/indirect) and economic hardship. Displaced individuals lost livelihoods, assets, and faced extended struggles.

• Cross-Cutting Themes:

  • Repeated shocks and destructive coping strategies (borrowing, asset sales) create cycles of debt. Premiumization may exclude smaller firms, while displacement worsens food and service access.

• Conclusion:
  The conflict profoundly devalues life, breeding helplessness and diminishing future prospects through undervalued coping strategies. The report calls for sustainable, integrated policies addressing interlinkages to tackle enduring vulnerabilities and displacement crises.