2023-09-06-世界银行-监测也门的粮食不安全和脆弱性_也门手机监测调查的结果-第二轮（英）-2023.8-44页_44页_1mb

Survey Overview

The World Bank conducted the second round of the Yemen Mobile Phone Monitoring Survey (February-March 2023) to assess food insecurity and vulnerability in Yemen. The survey used a probability sample of 1,455 respondents across 21 governorates, providing insights into household welfare amid ongoing humanitarian challenges and macroeconomic instability.

Key Findings

• Food Security: About 43% of households experienced inadequate food consumption (20% in poor conditions), an improvement from 50% in the first round. This is attributed to eased fuel restrictions at Al Hodeida port, lower wheat prices, and price caps in Houthi-controlled areas. Food insecurity is higher in rural and semi-urban regions and correlates with displacement and unemployment.

• Access to Water and Electricity: Access to basic drinking water services is limited, with only 22% of households using piped water; this is lower in rural areas. Time spent collecting water is high (67% take more than 30 minutes), and it correlates with food insecurity. Electricity from the public grid is rare, with solar energy dominant in Houthi-controlled areas, but rural access remains constrained.

• Displacement: Around 43% of households are displaced due to the conflict, with 25% still currently displaced. Displacement often occurred early in the conflict, and many households have experienced multiple moves; reasons include seeking safety or livelihood opportunities.

• Coping Strategies: Employment affects about 55% of respondents, with women significantly less likely to work. Incomes are insufficient for many, and households rely on destructive strategies such as selling assets, withdrawing children from school, or child marriage (3% reported in the last three months). Food assistance is provided primarily in-kind but is not always targeted effectively.

Conclusion

The survey highlights persistent challenges in Yemen, including high food insecurity, poor access to services, and widespread displacement. Improvements in food security from the first round are fragile due to ongoing shocks like currency depreciation and inflation. Immediate action is needed to address vulnerabilities and invest in human capital, with continued monitoring to track evolving conditions.