2025-03-09-ITIF-_通胀削减法案_正在谈判美国退出药物创新（英）_22页_423kb

The Inflation Reduction Act's differential pricing timeline (9 years vs. 13 years) for small-molecule versus large-molecule drugs undermines innovation, reduces funding for small-molecule R&D, and threatens access to essential treatments.

Key Points:

• The 9-year price control for small-molecules shortens market exclusivity, reducing revenue potential and discouraging investment in research and development.
• Since September 2021, small-molecule funding has dropped 70%, while financiers like venture capital are pulling away from these projects.
• The distinction disproportionately harms small-scale and early-stage biotech companies, which rely heavily on small-molecule development and bear higher research risks.
• Reduced incentives may limit treatments for serious diseases like cancer, neurodegenerative conditions, and infectious diseases—especially affecting elderly and underserved populations.
• Post-market studies and rare disease therapies are also at risk due to shortened revenue windows.

Recommendations:

• The EPIC Act (Ensuring Pathways to Innovative Cures) is proposed to equalize market exclusivity periods to 13 years, restoring balance and incentivizing continued innovation.

This policy creates long-term risks to U.S. leadership in pharmaceuticals and global health discovery.