美国会参议院-民主技术合作法案（英文）-2021.3-3页_318kb

Democracy Technology Partnership Act Summary

Core Content

The Democracy Technology Partnership Act is a legislative initiative aimed at ensuring that emerging and critical technologies are developed and governed in a manner that supports democratic institutions, norms, and values. The Act recognizes that technological leadership in the 21st century will significantly influence the political, economic, and military power of nations. While these technologies can empower citizens and strengthen democratic practices, they also pose risks when used by authoritarian regimes for surveillance, repression, and control.

Main Points

Technological Competition and Democratic Values

• The 21st century will be defined by economic competition driven by technological advances.
• Technologies can both empower citizens and challenge democratic norms and human rights.
• Democratic nations must lead in setting global standards for technology use to protect democratic values.

China's Technological Ambitions

• The People's Republic of China (PRC) is actively pursuing dominance in key technologies such as 5G, AI, quantum computing, hypersonics, biotechnology, space, and autonomous vehicles.
• The PRC employs technologies like AI, facial recognition, and biometrics to exert control over its population, particularly ethnic and religious minorities.
• The PRC uses economic leverage to coerce and censor companies, individuals, and other countries.

Need for Global Collaboration

• The United States cannot counter these practices alone and must collaborate with other liberal-democratic nations.
• The Act proposes the formation of an International Technology Partnership to counter the PRC's influence and promote technologies that align with democratic principles.
• Partner countries are expected to have unique knowledge, expertise, and capabilities in cutting-edge technologies.

Key Strategies and Objectives

Sense of Congress

• The Act emphasizes the need to counter undemocratic governance regimes in technology.
• The U.S. is at risk of losing leadership in key technologies to authoritarian regimes.
• The Partnership aims to:
  • Coordinate supply chain resiliency in critical technology areas, such as semiconductor fabrication.
  • Facilitate collaboration between research universities, start-ups, and businesses.
  • Promote investments in secure and resilient digital infrastructure and privacy-enhancing technologies.
  • Share information on how authoritarian governments transfer and misuse technologies to undermine democracies.

International Technology Partnership Fund

• A $5 billion International Technology Partnership Fund is established to support:
  • Joint research projects involving government agencies, universities, and technology companies from partner countries.
  • Technology investments in third-country markets to enhance digital infrastructure and privacy technologies.

Public-Private Advisory Board

• A Public-Private Board (International Technology Partnership Advisory Board) is created to provide expert advice on the implementation of the Act.
• The Board includes members from the private sector, academia, human rights organizations, and technology research institutions.

Reporting Requirements

• The Secretary of State must submit an unclassified report to Congress outlining:
  • A national strategy for technology and national security.
  • An assessment of emerging and foundational technologies.
  • A comparison of the U.S. and other countries' capabilities in critical technologies.
  • Governance models used by other countries and the U.S. coordination approach.
  • Priority technology areas for the Partnership.
  • Recommendations for enhancing U.S. capabilities and criteria for Partnership membership.
• The report must also evaluate other countries' standards and governance regimes regarding privacy, human rights, consumer protection, and free expression.

Conclusion

The Act underscores the importance of global cooperation in shaping the future of technology to align with democratic values. It seeks to counter the PRC's growing influence through strategic partnerships, investment, and the establishment of a shared framework for responsible technology governance. By promoting secure digital infrastructure, privacy-enhancing technologies, and collaborative research, the Act aims to ensure that technology serves as a tool for empowerment and democratic progress rather than repression and control.