2022-06-07-世界卫生组织-Environmental_Health_Papua_New_Guinea_2022_country_profile_2页_177kb

Health and Environment Scorecard Summary: Papua New Guinea

Air Pollution

• Extent of problem: High exposure to PM 2.5, with approximately 74% of the population affected, leading to deaths from ischemic heart disease and stroke.
• Policies: Existence of legal limits on air quality guidelines, but compliance data is missing. Limited data on standards for PM 2.5.

Water, Sanitation, and Hygiene (WASH)

• Extent of problem: No data available on the percentage of the population without safe drinking water and sanitation, but estimates suggest less than 50% of needed improvements are achieved.
• Policies: No national policy data or implementation plans for household clean fuels and energy; no data on clean cooking technology policies.

Climate Change

• Extent of problem: No data on national health and climate change plans, policies, or projected heat-related deaths under high emissions scenarios. Climate vulnerabilities are implied from global trends, with potential high risks.
• Policies: No information on existence or operationalization of climate change strategies for health.

Chemicals

• Extent of problem: Limited chemical-specific deaths and no data on lead paint regulations. High rankings indicate poor performance in regional assessments: 18th out of 21 countries for chemical events, 19th for radiation, and lower scores for regulations like mercury and radon.
• Policies: No data on international commitments (e.g., Minamata Convention on Mercury), and no standardized assessments for emergency handling or occupational risks.

Occupational Health

• Extent of problem: High deaths from occupational risks (e.g., radon and injuries from long working hours). Approximately 22 people per 100,000 employed die from occupational diseases, and some populations work excessive hours.
• Policies: Partial ratification of international conventions on occupational safety and health, but lacking a comprehensive framework and financial resources. Ranked 13th out of 21 in the Western Pacific region for related indicators.

General Observations

• The scorecard reveals significant data gaps ("NO DATA" for most metrics), limiting comprehensive evaluation.
• Papua New Guinea shows underperformance in global and regional rankings compared to peers, with weaknesses in policy implementation, environmental health interventions, and data availability.
• Key risks identified include preventable mortality from air pollution, waterborne diseases, chemical exposures, and climate vulnerabilities.