2025-05-20-IMF-提高希腊司法系统效率_驱动因素和经济影响（英）_24页_2mb

Summary

A. Key Findings

1. Inefficiency of Greek Judicial System:

   • Greece’s judicial system ranks among the lowest in the EU in terms of efficiency, with an average disposition time of over 1,200 days for civil and commercial cases, compared to 446 days in the EU.
   • The low efficiency stems from a backlog of cases dating from the Eurozone crisis, exacerbated by high numbers of insolvencies and limited access to alternative dispute resolution mechanisms.

2. Impact on Economy:

   • Inefficient judicial processes delay the resolution of disputes, increasing uncertainty for businesses and discouraging investment.
   • While the new insolvency framework reduced non-performing loans (NPLs), its implementation remains hampered by slow court proceedings, hindering distressed debt reduction and economic growth.

3. Drivers of Low Efficiency:

   • Demand-Side: Economic crisis-induced surge in insolvencies increased caseloads.
   • Supply-Side: Inadequate deployment of human and financial resources, low digitalization, and lack of incentive structures contribute to delays.

B. Key Recommendations

1. Court Reorganization and Digitalization:

   • Implement a judicial map to balance case distribution and improve administrative efficiency.
   • Accelerate digitalization, including video conferencing and secure electronic systems, to streamline processes and reduce delays.

2. Specialization of Insolvency Professionals:

   • Establish permanent commercial courts and promote specialization in insolvency to handle complex cases more effectively.

3. Capacity Building:

   • Enhance support for judges and insolvency professionals through better training and incentive structures.

4. Monitoring and Evaluation:

   • Strengthen the monitoring system to track performance metrics like disposition time and clearance rate.

C. Expected Economic Impact

• Judicial reforms are expected to boost investment and productivity by addressing legal uncertainty and improving debt enforcement.
• Evidence from similar reforms in Portugal and Slovakia suggests positive gains in economic growth and business dynamism.

This summary captures the core analysis and policy implications of the report, highlighting Greece’s judicial inefficiencies and the potential benefits of implementing the proposed reforms.