2023-04-26-世界卫生组织-Argentina_-_WHO_Special_Initiative_for_Mental_Health_-_2022_2页_198kb

Argentina Mental Health Situational Assessment Summary (WHO Special Initiative, March 2023)

Overview

• Strengths: Political support evidenced by release of 2022 strategy and existing national plans; high number of mental health professionals.
• Challenges: Federalist structure complicates tracking multiple systems; poor service integration; fragmented and piecemeal system with provincial disparities; mental health not historically prioritized by governments.

Context

• Population: Approximately 45-47 million, predominantly urban (92%); high health indicators, including life expectancy of 77 years and low infant/maternal mortality.
• Key Issues: High prevalence of intimate partner violence; segmented health system; mental health under-prioritized.

Policies and Plans

• Federal Strategy: Comprehensive approach launched April 2022, early stages.
• National Mental Health Plan: 2013-2018, under review; implementation ongoing.
• Legislation: Law No. 26.657 (2010) protects mental health rights, though not fully integrated; maternal, child, HIV, and substance use plans partially addressed.

Prevalence and Coverage

• Mental disorders: Major depressive disorder (2.04%, ~862,748), bipolar disorder (1.17%, ~494,127), schizophrenia (0.36%, ~151,086); alcohol/use disorders high, especially in males.
• Suicide deaths: 11.2 per 100,000, higher in males.
• Treatment Coverage: Limited data; essential medications incorporated in 2022 via Remediar program.

Services

• Human Resources: High density of psychologists, but fragmentation hinders access; Ministry training 140 professionals in mhGAP and began new residencies.
• Health Facilities: 192,829 primary health care providers, mostly public; limited psychiatric facilities, mostly hospital-based; community-based services planned in new strategy.

Monitoring and Evaluation

• National Health Information System (SNVS): Includes mental health indicators since 2018, collecting electronic clinic-level data on hospitalization and social factors.