2024-09-01-联合国环境署-生态系统和生物多样性经济学_促进可持续的农业和食品部门（中国）_17页_1mb

背景: The Economics of Ecosystems and Biodiversity (TEEB) is an international program emphasizing the economic value of nature in decision-making. In China, this is linked to promoting "ecological civilization" and "Green to Gold" transformation, focusing on sustainable agriculture to address biodiversity loss, greenhouse gas emissions, and food security challenges.

案例分析:

• Tengchong, Yunnan: A pilot area with high forest coverage and biodiversity, showcasing eco-friendly agricultural practices and tourism integration. TEEBAgriFood assesses scenarios like reduced chemical use, leading to estimated benefits from ecosystem services and potential for gender-inclusive employment.
• Heilongjiang Province: Focuses on soybean expansion policy, evaluating impacts on natural, produced, social, and human capital. Key findings include environmental cost reductions in optimistic scenarios but financial losses in soybean priority.

关键数据和发现: Tengchong's forest ecosystem sequesters significant carbon, and eco-friendly practices offer long-term economic advantages. Non-point source pollution and agricultural GHG emissions require targeted measures like precision fertilization and methane reduction technologies.

政策含义: Recommendations include adopting systems thinking for holistic agricultural planning, balancing conservation with development through stakeholder involvement, and empowering women in agri-food transformations. This aligns with SDGs and supports national strategies like "carbon peaking and neutrality."

总体益处: The transformation promotes sustainable agriculture, enhances resilience, and fosters economic-growth-evironmental synergies, contributing to China's biodiversity and climate goals.