2025-03-09-世界银行-南非一揽子政策_优先事项3_使城市成为增长和经济包容的引擎（英）_24页_2mb

Priority 3: Making Cities Engines of Growth and Economic Inclusion

South Africa faces significant challenges in urban mobility, with limited infrastructure investment and high commuter costs exacerbating spatial inequality and hindering inclusive growth.

Key Issues:

• Urban Sprawl and Low Density: Cities like Johannesburg and Cape Town have far lower densities than comparable cities in East Asia and Latin America.
• High Transportation Costs: Low-income workers bear disproportionately high transportation costs, reducing disposable income and productivity.
• Fragmented Transit Systems: Public transit (primarily railways, buses, and minibus taxis) suffers from poor maintenance and inadequate integration, especially in poor neighborhoods.

Proposed Actions

Priority actions fall into three categories:

1. Enhancing Passenger Railways:

   • Action 1: Use a results-based approach to fund PRASA (incentivize performance).
   • Action 2: Implement digital dashboards for transit management.
   • Action 3: Introduce digital tickets to improve payments for low-income users.
   • Action 4: Tighten security at stations.

2. Improving Minibus Taxis:

   • Action 4: Distribute vouchers to reduce costs for low-income customers.
   • Action 5: Foster MBT integration into public transit.
   • Action 6: Support MBT cooperation and industry consolidation.
   • Action 7: Provide technical/financial aid for operators.

3. Urban Planning & Densification:

   • Action 7: Relax Building Regulations and amend Land Use Act for higher density.
   • Action 8: Introduce financial incentives for strategic development.
   • Action 9: Facilitate financing for targeted projects.
   • Action 10: Use digital tools for planning and development.

VOST

South Africa has three overarching objectives:

1. Making Cities Engines of Growth and Inclusion: This requires tailored urban mobility solutions and densification strategies.

2. Improving Urban Mobility: Key interventions include performance-linked transit funding, user-friendly payment systems, security upgrades, and strategic sector reforms.

3. Addressing Urban Sprawl and Land Use: By reforming zoning rules, incentivizing development in core areas, and promoting flexible building codes, the country can foster denser, more efficient cities and better connect economic opportunities.

Other priorities

• Infrastructure donations: Develop strategic land banking to attract private investors.
• Data management: Improve urban planning and monitoring through standardized digital platforms.
• Connectivity: Strengthen institutional coordination to enable cohesive land use planning and disaster preparedness.