2023-03-13-世界卫生组织-2023年全球减少钠摄入量报告_99页_4mb

WHO Global Report on Sodium Intake Reduction Summary

Key Findings

High sodium intake is a leading cause of cardiovascular diseases and death globally, contributing to hypertension. The WHO recommends adults consume less than 2000 mg of sodium daily, but global averages exceed this significantly, with some countries consuming nearly 2000 mg more.

Current Policies and Progress

• Most effective policies include food reformulation, front-of-pack labeling, public food procurement regulations, mass media campaigns, and marketing restrictions.
• Only 5% of WHO Member States have implemented at least two mandatory policies; 22% have adopted one mandatory measure. Higher-income countries are more advanced in policy implementation.

Modeling and Impact

Models suggest a 23.4% reduction in global sodium intake and a 3.1% reduction in cardiovascular deaths by 2030 if countries achieve a two-point increase in their Sodium Country Score. However, progress remains slow, falling short of the 30% reduction goal by 2025.

Recommendations

• Governments should prioritize mandatory policies, such as sodium benchmarks, nutrition labeling, and fiscal measures.
• Strengthen data collection and monitoring, engage partners for advocacy, and accelerate actions through multisectoral collaboration.

Conclusion

Reducing sodium intake is cost-effective and achievable through committed government action. With urgent and comprehensive policies, countries can significantly improve public health outcomes by 2030.