2021-12-15-世界卫生组织-Tobacco_Estonia_2021_country_profile_10页_337kb

报告摘要

Monitoring: Comprehensive and recent data on tobacco use prevalence provided for both adults aged 16-64 (Health Behaviour survey, 2018) and adolescents (ESPAD, 2019).
Smoke-Free Environments: Compliance score of 10/10, with complete prohibition on smoking in all public places including indoor offices, restaurants, cafés, pubs, public transport, and all other public areas, with no exemptions. Enforcement includes fines and dedicated funds.
Cessation Programmes: Some cessation services available, including potentially cost-covered NRT and quit-line support in certain health facilities, but full coverage is not universal across all settings like community or specialized offices.
Health Warnings: Mandatory for all tobacco products, covering 65% of package display areas on both front and rear sides; includes required photo/graphic warnings; funded quit-line services exist and are advertised.
Mass Media Campaigns: Active national campaigns from July 2018 to June 2020 designed by media agencies, involving coordination with journalists, evaluation, and aired via TV/radio.
Advertising Bans: Full or near-full restrictions on advertising, promotion, and sponsorship across all media, consistent with high compliance scores (direct bans score 10, indirect bans score 8), banning vulnerable displays and enforcing fines.

Adult Prevalence: High rates in 2018 (e.g., male current daily smoking: 35%, female: 20.7%); WHO estimates for 2019 show overall any tobacco use at 30.7%.
Adolescent Prevalence: Data from 2019 notes smoking trends, e.g., male daily smoking around 19% among ages 15-16.

Tax Burden: Excise taxes on cigarettes account for 87.64% of retail price; effective taxation has contributed to affordability issues, with per-capita GDP needed for 100 packs increasing.