2023-04-26-ITIF-气候技术值得关注_绿色氨（英）_8页_273kb

Green ammonia, a low-carbon form of ammonia, is emerging as a key technology for decarbonizing industries such as agriculture, shipping, and energy storage. It leverages renewable energy to reduce carbon emissions by producing hydrogen through electrolysis.

Key Highlights:

• Potential Applications: Green ammonia can serve as a zero-emission energy carrier, helping to decarbonize heavy industry and agriculture. For instance, it could reduce agriculture's carbon footprint by up to 90% in fossil energy consumption, and play a role in shipping and power generation by 2050.
• Current Status: The global green ammonia industry is in its early stages, with few pilot projects operational and several commercial-scale developments underway. It has attracted global interest from industry and governments, but faces challenges in cost competitiveness and efficiency.
• Challenges: High production costs ($794–$1,543 per ton) and low round-trip efficiency (11–19%) hinder its viability in some sectors. Solutions include reducing costs through scale-up, improving infrastructure, and expanding R&D efforts.
• Policy Recommendations: Government funding for research, development, and demonstrations is crucial for overcoming barriers. In the US, programs like ARPA-E are supporting innovations in ammonia production and use.

Actions Needed:

• Reduce costs and increase production scale to meet fossil fuel costs.
• Enhance R&D in catalysis, reactor design, and separations to boost efficiency.
• Support policy incentives, such as production tax credits, to drive market growth and safe adoption.