ITIF-气候技术值得关注：绿色氨（英）-2023.4-8页_277kb

报告摘要

Green ammonia is positioned as a critical climate technology for decarbonizing heavy industry, agriculture, and energy sectors.
Current global ammonia production (largely fossil-fuel based) accounts for 1.8% of global CO2 emissions.
The global green ammonia industry is in early stages, with limited pilot projects and a few commercial-scale developments underway.
Key challenges include high production costs ($794-$1,543/ton), low round-trip efficiency (11-19%), scalability, and infrastructure development.
Policy support, RD&D funding, and market incentives (e.g., U.S. Bipartisan Infrastructure Law and Inflation Reduction Act) are essential for accelerating adoption.

Reduce production costs, improve efficiency, and scale up infrastructure for wider applications.
Public funding and demonstration projects are crucial for market creation and addressing technical barriers.
Address environmental risks (e.g., ammonia toxicity and NOx emissions) through research and safety standards.

U.S. DOE and international bodies (e.g., IEA, IMO) play vital roles in funding RD&D and establishing guidelines.
End-user demand support through policies (e.g., maritime fuel standards) can drive market growth.

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