2022年儿童和父母媒体使用和态度报告（英）-80页_5mb

Summary of Children and Parents: Media Use and Attitudes Report 2022

Core Content

This report provides an in-depth analysis of media use, attitudes, and understanding among children and parents in the UK, focusing on children aged 3-17. It highlights how children and parents engage with online platforms, their concerns about content and safety, and their awareness of media literacy.

Main Findings

Online Access and Attitudes

• Almost all children (99%) went online in 2021, with 72% using a mobile phone and 69% using a tablet.
• Mobile phones and tablets were the most common devices for online access, with 91% of 12-17-year-olds using a mobile phone.
• Financially vulnerable households had less access to appropriate devices for online learning, with 36% of primary school-age children lacking consistent access.
• Only 1% of children had access to the internet solely via mobile networks (3G, 4G, 5G), which can limit the full benefits of online experiences.

Online Behaviors

• Video-sharing platforms (VSPs) such as YouTube and TikTok were the most popular online activity, with 95% of children using them.
• Messaging apps and sites were the second most common activity, with 89% of children using them for communication.
• Social media was used by 63% of children aged 3-17, with 94% of 8-11-year-olds and 97% of 12-17-year-olds having their own profiles.
• Live streaming was also popular, with 73% of 8-11-year-olds and 79% of 16-17-year-olds using these platforms.
• Gaming was widely practiced, with 60% of children aged 3-17 and 75% of 12-17-year-olds playing online games.
• 35% of children used potentially risky online behaviors, such as incognito mode or deleting browsing history.

Content Consumption

• Streaming services (e.g., Netflix, Amazon Prime Video) were preferred over live TV, with 78% of children watching SVoD services.
• Social media was the least trusted news source, despite 60% of teenagers using it for news.
• Children aged 12-17 were more likely to trust family (68%) or TV (65%) for news than social media.
• Children in Wales were more likely to detect misinformation and identify genuine content in social media posts.

Critical Understanding of Online Content

• Most children (65%) could correctly spot fake online profiles, but 22% of 12-17-year-olds in Wales were better at this than others.
• Only 11% of children correctly identified components of a social media post that indicated it was genuine.
• Children aged 12-17 were more likely to identify sponsored content and search results (38% and 39% respectively), showing increased awareness of online advertising.

Online Wellbeing

• 53% of children aged 13-17 felt that being online was good for their mental health, while 17% disagreed.
• 80% of children used online services for wellbeing support, with Google search and online videos being the most common sources.

Negative Experiences and Coping Strategies

• 36% of children aged 8-17 had seen something 'worrying or nasty' online in the past year.
• 84% of children had experienced bullying via technology, compared to 61% via face-to-face interactions.
• 94% of children were aware of at least one online safety feature, and 84% had used it.
• Only 32% of children knew how to use online reporting or flagging functions, and 14% had ever used them.

Parental Attitudes and Mediation Strategies

• Parents in Northern Ireland were less confident about keeping their children safe online (72%) compared to those in Scotland (82%) and Wales (81%).
• Parents were more concerned about online content than TV content, with 70% concerned about age-inappropriate material.
• Parents in Wales were more likely to be very concerned about their child's online safety and privacy.
• Parents had high awareness of safety tools but only 70% used them.

Media Use by Age Group

• 3-4-year-olds had the lowest device ownership and usage for online activities, with 32% using live streaming and 21% using messaging.
• 5-7-year-olds were more likely to use social media (64%) and had higher usage of video-sharing (95%) and live streaming (54%).
• 8-11-year-olds used video-sharing (98%), messaging (97%), and social media (91%) extensively, with 37% having seen worrying content online.
• 12-15-year-olds showed improved critical understanding, with 64% correctly identifying fake profiles and 38% spotting sponsored search results.
• 16-17-year-olds had the highest engagement, with 100% owning a mobile phone and 98% using video-sharing platforms.

Methodology and Limitations

• The report is based on Ofcom's redesigned Children's and Parents' Media Literacy Tracker, which includes online panels and post-to-web surveys.
• Due to methodological changes in 2021, the report cannot be directly compared with previous years.
• CATI omnibus survey data on digital exclusion is used for trend analysis.

Key Information

• Media literacy is defined as the ability to use, understand, and create media in various contexts.
• Ofcom's Making Sense of Media programme aims to improve media literacy among children and parents.
• Digital access has become almost universal, but device adequacy for learning is still a concern.
• Children's understanding of online content is improving, especially with age.
• Parental mediation is crucial, but many parents struggle with controlling screen time and are less aware of online risks than they are of TV risks.
• Social media is widely used but not always trusted as a source of accurate information.
• Children in Wales showed higher levels of media literacy and awareness of online safety.

Conclusion

The report underscores the increasing integration of children into the digital world, with a significant shift in media consumption habits and the growing importance of media literacy. While children are generally positive about online experiences, they are also more aware of the potential risks, especially as they grow older. Parents play a key role in monitoring and managing their children's media use, but there is room for improvement in both awareness and practical implementation of safety measures.