2017年-IMF国际货币组织全球_Republic_of_Moldova_Economic_Development_Document_19页_466kb

Summary of the Economic Development Document for the Republic of Moldova

Core Content

The Economic Development Document (EDD) for the Republic of Moldova is a strategic tool prepared by the State Chancellery in consultation with stakeholders and development partners. It outlines the country's macroeconomic, structural, and social policies aimed at fostering growth and poverty reduction, and highlights the associated external financing needs and sources. The EDD serves as a basis for updating the "Moldova 2020" National Development Strategy or developing the "Moldova 2030" strategy by December 2017.

Main Objectives

The primary objective of the Government of the Republic of Moldova is to reduce poverty through macroeconomic stability and sustainable growth. This involves:

• Modernizing public services
• Liberalizing the economy
• Developing the financial system
• Creating a favorable investment climate
• Supporting small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs)
• Reforming the judiciary and combating corruption
• Improving infrastructure and public utilities
• Diversifying and promoting exports
• Creating new jobs
• Enhancing social protection for vulnerable groups

These goals are aligned with the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) and are reflected in the Government's Activity Plan and other policy documents.

Key Priorities and Measures

Priority 1: Aligning the Education System with Labour Market Requirements

• Training qualified personnel to meet private sector needs
• Upgrading the education system for efficiency and competitiveness
• Supporting investors with staff training
• Strengthening sectoral committees for professional development
• Developing occupational standards and promoting dual training systems
• Implementing lifelong learning programs for trade and services
• Enhancing vocational education and training (VET) with international best practices

Priority 2: Reducing Financing Costs

• Streamlining the Credit Guarantee Fund
• Facilitating SME access to loans via financial guarantees
• Establishing a national network of business angels and an online crowdfunding platform
• Redirecting remittances to productive investment

Priority 3: Improving the Business Climate

• Establishing a Consultative Council for SMEs
• Developing a regulatory framework for family businesses
• Launching a National Program to support young entrepreneurs
• Implementing the "Moldova Start-up" program
• Supporting SMEs in internationalization and adaptation to the green economy
• Reducing the number of state inspections and mandatory reports
• Digitizing public services and promoting one-stop-shop solutions

Priority 4: Reducing Energy Consumption

• Diversifying natural gas and oil supply routes
• Ensuring energy security through infrastructure projects
• Promoting electricity integration into the European market
• Modernizing power generation and transmission systems
• Implementing energy efficiency programs across sectors
• Encouraging renewable energy use and promoting energy performance contracts
• Developing legal frameworks and communication strategies for energy efficiency and renewables

Priority 5: Increasing Competitiveness of Agrifood Products

• Promoting short food chains and direct trading
• Supporting sustainable rural development
• Enhancing the competitiveness of agrifood products through innovation and quality improvement

Poverty Situation and Trends

• The national poverty rate decreased from 26.4% in 2008 to 9.6% in 2015
• The absolute poverty threshold in 2015 was MDL 1378.91
• Rural poverty remains significantly higher than urban poverty, with the rural rate being about 5 times the urban rate
• The poorest households are those in the agricultural sector and subsistence farming
• Vulnerable groups include large families, the elderly, and those with low educational attainment

Challenges and Data Quality Issues

• The methodology for measuring poverty has not been updated for 10 years
• The sampling framework for the Household Budget Survey (HBS) is outdated
• High non-answer rates in surveys affect data accuracy
• Poverty data may not fully reflect current economic realities

Conclusion

The EDD outlines a comprehensive approach to economic development and poverty reduction in Moldova, focusing on structural reforms, investment in infrastructure, and enhancing the competitiveness of the agrifood sector. It also highlights the need for improved data collection and analysis methods to better inform policy decisions. The document is intended to support the development of the "Moldova 2030" strategy, which will incorporate the outcomes of the "Moldova 2020" assessment and align with international commitments and SDGs.