2023-09-30-能源基金会-基于柔性用电的建筑绿电消费认证机制与虚拟电厂模式研究-17页_17页_1mb

This report discusses the cooperation between buildings and power grids for low-carbon development, focusing on flexible electricity consumption and virtual power plants (VPPs). Key findings include:

1. Needs for Cooperation: Buildings face challenges in achieving carbon balance within high-density urban environments due to limited renewable energy and growing energy demands. Grids face increasing peaks and variability from renewable sources, creating mutual opportunities for low-carbon synergy through flexible electricity use.

2. Virtual Power Plants (VPPs): VPPs enable building loads to participate in grid adjustments by aggregating these flexible resources. Benefits include large scale, low costs, and existing building infrastructure, though challenges like short-term storage limitations and pricing uncertainties exist.

3. Flexible Resources in Virtual Power Plants: Quantifying building load flexibility (capacity, speed, duration) is crucial for grid integration. Current tests show up to 85% peak load reduction when including energy storage in flexible systems. However, regulatory and economic factors for load flexibility remain unclear.

4. Green Electricity Certification: To support sustainable participation, this report proposes a flexible VPP that provides a mechanism to certify green electricity consumption contributions based on load flexibility. A step-by-step approach suggests simulation before full rollout to promote meaningful grid and building collaboration.