2007-12-31-世界卫生组织-2008_STEPS_Country_report_Lao_People_s_Democratic_Republic_186页_1mb

报告摘要

STEPS Survey Report: Non-Communicable Disease Risk Factors in Vientiane Capital City, Lao PDR

Introduction

Non-communicable diseases (NCDs) are major causes of death and burden in Laos, with Vientiane Capital City being a focus for surveillance. This report summarizes the WHO STEPwise approach survey conducted from January to April 2008, which aimed to assess the prevalence of key NCD risk factors.

Methods

The study used a probability sampling method across 9 health districts in Vientiane. Data was collected from 4,180 adults aged 25-64 using standardized STEPS instruments, including questionnaires on tobacco use, alcohol consumption, diet, physical activity, and physical measurements like BMI and blood pressure. The analysis accounted for sampling weights and provided 95% confidence intervals for statistical significance.

Key Findings

Tobacco Use: About 20% of the population smokes tobacco, with higher rates among men (43%). Most are daily smokers, consuming up to 10 cigarettes per day.
Alcohol Consumption: Approximately 56% have consumed alcohol in the past year, with high rates of binge drinking (65.2% of women and 59.3% of men).
Diet: Most participants consume adequate fruit and vegetable servings, but 36.6% fall below recommendations. Vegetable oil is the most common cooking fat.
Physical Activity: About 64% engage in high physical activity, but only 32% are sedentary. Most activity is work-related.
Obesity and Blood Pressure: Overweight (BMI ≥25) affects 31% of the population, and hypertension prevalence (SBP ≥140 or DBP ≥90 or on medication) is around 20.5%. Only about 17% are aware of their condition and 61% are treated.

Conclusion and Recommendations

Laos must develop a national NCD policy and action plan. Key interventions are needed for tobacco control, alcohol reduction, diet improvement, increased physical activity, and hypertension management. Mass education campaigns are essential to prevent chronic diseases and reduce premature mortality.