2006-12-31-世界卫生组织-2007_STEPS_Country_report_Iran_Islamic_Republic_of_82页_846kb

In The name of GodIran

Non-Communicable Diseases
Risk Factors Surveillance
Data Book For
2007

Key Details

• Report Focus: A stepwise surveillance program (STEPS) to monitor non-communicable disease (NCD) risk factors in Iran.
• Sample Size: 30,000 adults aged 15-64 years from all 30 provinces.
• Data Collection:
  • Step 1: Questionnaires on demographics, tobacco use, diet, physical activity, and history of hypertension or diabetes.
  • Step 2: Measurements of height, weight, BMI, waist circumference, and blood pressure.
  • Step 3: Biochemical measurements (fasting blood glucose, cholesterol, triglycerides).

Main Sections

1. Step 1 – Behavioral Risk Factors

• Tobacco Use:
  • Current smokers: 12.27% overall (23.2% male, 1.08% female).
  • Male daily smokers average 12.26 cigarettes per day; females 11.04.
  • Smoking prevalence increases with age but is higher among younger males.
• Fruit & Vegetable Consumption:
  • 87% consumed fewer than 5 servings/day.
  • Average intake: 1.4 servings of fruit and 1.4 servings of vegetables daily.
  • Slightly higher in males for vegetables, females for fruit.

2. Step 2 – Physical Measurements

• BMI:
  • Mean BMI: 25.88 kg/m² (female); 24.31 kg/m² (male).
  • Overweight/obese: 46% overall; obesity (BMI ≥30) at 16.75%. - Underweight: 14.21% in 15–24-year-olds.
• Blood Pressure:
  • Hypertension prevalence: 17.38%.
  • Awareness and treatment rates remain low.
• Physical Activity:
  • 20% of adults reported low physical activity (less than 600 MET-minutes/week).
  • Transport-related activity dominated, especially in transport.

3. Step 3 – Biochemical Markers

• Blood Glucose:
  • Fasting glucose elevated in 9.73% of the population (similar rates in both sexes).
• Cholesterol:
  • High prevalence (32.9%) of elevated total cholesterol (≥5.2 mmol/L).
  • Women had higher levels than men.

4. Raised Risk Assessment

• NCD risk defined by ≥3 of the following: smoking, low fruit/vegetable intake, low activity, overweight, hypertension.
• Age Group Trends:
  • Young adults (15–44): Higher risk due to smoking and activity levels.
  • Middle-aged adults (45–64): Significantly higher risk (up to 56.9%).
• Sex Differences:
  • Males had lower obesity rates (11.25%) but higher smoking prevalence.
  • Intervention targets may differ between sexes.

Insurance and Traffic Factors

• Health Insurance:
  • Approximately 75% were medically insured, varying by age and sex.
  • Urban populations had slightly lower insurance rates.
• Road Safety:
  • Front-seat car users rarely wore seat belts.
  • Motorcycle riders had moderate helmet use.

Conclusion

The 2007 Iranian STEPS survey reveals high prevalence of behavioral and biochemical risk factors for NCDs, particularly tobacco use, poor diet, and sedentary behavior. Early intervention programs targeting smoking cessation, dietary improvements, and increased physical activity could mitigate rising NCD burdens. The data supports evidence-based policy-making for NCD prevention.

For detailed statistical data, refer to the complete report.