2007-12-31-世界卫生组织-2008_STEPS_Country_Report_Lebanon_45页_454kb

Chronic Disease Risk Factor Surveillance in Lebanon (2009)

Summary of WHO STEPS Data Book

1. Population & Demographics

• Sample Size: National representative survey with 1,982 adults (aged 25-64), balanced by gender and governorates.
• Key Findings:
  • Education: Most had primary school education (27.2%), lowest in the youngest group and highest in oldest females.
  • Employment: 47.6% unemployed across both sexes, higher among men under 55.
  • Marital Status: Most married, lowest divorce rate in oldest cohort.

2. Tobacco Use

• Prevalence:
  • Men: 46.8% current smokers (38.5% aged 25–34, 45.1% aged 55–64).
  • Women: 31.6% current smokers, significantly lower than men.
  • Smoking Initiation: Lowest median age (18.1 years) in 25-34-year-olds.
• Quitting Trends: Mean 9.7 years since quitting among men, particularly high in older ages.

3. Alcohol Consumption

• Overall: 20.5% current drinkers, higher in 25–34 year olds for both sexes.
• Heavy Drinking: Men consumed ~5 drinks per occasion (max), 22.8% ≥5 drinks/day; women max 4 drinks, 4.9% ≥4 drinks/day.
• Gender Disparity: Wine preferred by men, beer/other by younger women.

4. Nutrition & Physical Activity

• Physical Activity:
  • Over 50% classified as "low" activity (<600 MET-min/week), median ~60 min/day.
  • Sedentary Behavior: 587 min/day on average.
• Diet:
  • ≈9% meals eaten outside home, highest among 35-44 year olds.

5. Chronic Disease Indicators

• Raised BP (≥140/90 or on meds):
  • 68.9% of adult males, lower in females (78.1%).
  • Only 15–19% knew their diagnosis, 60–70% untreated.
  • Traditional remedies used by ~3.4–5.7%.
• Diabetes & Raised Blood Glucose:
  • 6.9% diagnosed in the overall population.
  • Only 1–9% had eyes examined, half followed diet/exercise advice.
• Raised Cholesterol:
  • ≥5 mmol/L: 71.9% overall.
  • Many (>25%) use herbal/alternative treatments instead of meds.

6. Overweight & Obesity

• Prevalence (BMI ≥25):
  • Men: 72.8% overall (78.5% aged 35–39).
  • Women: 59.4% overall.
• Gender trend: Stagnant in men, increasing in women (p<0.01).

7. Combined Risk Factors

• ≥3 risk factors (smoking, low activity, obesity, raised BP):
  • 34.1% overall (highest in 45–64 year men).
• Trends: Higher proportions in men, clustering evident at ages 45–64.

Key Observations

• High prevalence of lifestyle-related non-communicable disease risks.
• Poor disease awareness, screening, and treatment adherence.
• Traditional medicine often substitutes for formal care.
• Urgent need for population-level interventions: tobacco control, physical activity promotion, diabetes/obesity screening programs.

Prepared with adherence to WHO STEPS guidelines.