2022-05-06-联合国粮农组织-2022年全球粮食危机报告（EN）_277页_19mb

2022 Global Report on Food Crises Summary

Core Content

The 2022 Global Report on Food Crises (GRFC 2022) highlights the worsening global food insecurity situation, emphasizing the need for urgent and coordinated international action. The report is a collaborative effort by 17 agencies and the Food Security Information Network (FSIN), with contributions from various humanitarian and development organizations.

Key Findings

• Global Hunger Trends:

  • In 2021, nearly 193 million people across 53 countries/territories were acutely food insecure, a significant increase from 2020.
  • The number of people in Crisis or worse (IPC/CH Phase 3 or above) or equivalent nearly doubled from 2016 to 2021.
  • Over 570,000 people faced Catastrophe (IPC Phase 5) in four countries: Ethiopia, South Sudan, southern Madagascar, and Yemen.
  • The percentage of the population in Crisis or worse also nearly doubled over the same period.

• Drivers of Acute Food Insecurity:

  • Conflict/insecurity was the primary driver in 7 of the 10 countries with the highest number of people in Crisis or worse.
  • Economic shocks were the main cause in 21 countries, driven by rising global food prices and disrupted supply chains.
  • Weather extremes (drought, flooding, etc.) were the main cause in 8 African countries, with drought being a significant factor in southern Madagascar.

• Malnutrition in Food-Crisis Countries:

  • Malnutrition remained at critical levels in food-crisis countries.
  • In 2021, 26 million children under 5 were suffering from wasting and required urgent treatment.
  • 17.5 million children were wasted in the 10 countries with the highest number of people in Crisis or worse.

• Displacement and Vulnerability:

  • In 2021, 45 million IDPs were in 24 food-crisis countries/territories.
  • Over 60% of refugees and asylum seekers (around 15.3 million) were hosted in 52 food-crisis countries, where they faced compounded challenges from conflict, poverty, and weather extremes.

Outlook for 2022

• The situation is expected to deteriorate further in 2022, with 179–181 million people in 41 out of 53 countries/territories forecast to be in Crisis or worse.
• Yemen is expected to have populations in Catastrophe (IPC Phase 5) in the second half of 2022.
• A Risk of Famine could emerge in Somalia if the April-June Gu season rains fail, or if conflict intensifies, drought increases displacement, and food prices continue to rise.
• In Ukraine, an estimated 2.5–4.99 million people will likely need humanitarian assistance in the near term.

Challenges and Calls to Action

• Global Food Systems Fragility: The report underscores the fragility of both global and local food systems, exacerbated by the increased frequency and severity of weather extremes, the ongoing impact of the pandemic, rising conflicts, and sky-high global food prices.
• Ukraine War Impact: The war in Ukraine is compounding the three-dimensional crisis of food, energy, and finance, affecting vulnerable populations and economies worldwide.
• Funding Shortfalls: Despite increased calls for action, humanitarian and development funding for food crises has not kept pace with growing needs, especially due to the economic slowdown from the pandemic and the priority given to public health responses.

Conclusion

The GRFC 2022 calls for at-scale action to protect lives and livelihoods, support sustainable food systems, and ensure that humanitarian assistance reaches the most vulnerable. It highlights the need for data-driven responses, international cooperation, and investment in resilient food systems to prevent further crises and ultimately banish famine and starvation.

Main Points

Key Drivers of Food Insecurity in 2021

• Conflict/insecurity: Most significant in 7 of the 10 countries with the highest food insecurity.
• Economic shocks: Main cause in 21 countries, driven by global food price rises and supply chain disruptions.
• Weather extremes: Key factor in 8 African countries, especially drought-affected regions.

Malnutrition Trends

• 26 million children under 5 suffered from wasting in 23 of 35 major food crises.
• Over 5 million children were at risk of death due to severe wasting.

Displacement

• 45 million IDPs were in 24 food-crisis countries.
• 60% of refugees and asylum seekers were in 52 food-crisis countries, facing compounded challenges.

2022 Outlook

• 179–181 million people are forecast to be in Crisis or worse.
• Yemen and Somalia are at risk of Catastrophe and Famine, respectively.
• Ukraine will likely require significant humanitarian support due to the war's impact.

Funding and Response

• Global funding for food crises is insufficient to meet growing needs.
• Urgent scaling up of humanitarian assistance is required to prevent further suffering.

Critical Information

• The report is based on data from IPC/CH, FEWS NET, WFP, and other agencies.
• The war in Ukraine is expected to have a major impact on global food prices and supply chains.
• The Global Network Against Food Crises (GNAFC) is a key player in monitoring and responding to food crises.
• The UN Food Systems Summit and Food Systems Coordination Hub are seen as important steps towards addressing the root causes of food insecurity.

Summary Table

Key Organizations Involved

• FSIN (Food Security Information Network)
• FEWS NET (Famine Early Warning Systems Network)
• WFP (World Food Programme)
• UNHCR (United Nations Refugee Agency)
• UNICEF
• IOM
• UNICEF and WFP data are used for estimates.
• IPC/CH (Integrated Food Security Phase Classification) and CH (Cadre Harmonisé) are the main classification systems used.