2020中国有机农业（英文版）_61页_25mb

报告摘要

Summary of Organic Agriculture in China (2020)

Core Content

Organic agriculture in China has grown significantly over the past few decades, with a well-established certification system and increasing production and consumption. The industry has evolved from a state of disorder to a regulated and recognized sector, making China the third-largest producer and fourth-largest consumer of organic products globally.

Main Points and Key Information

1. Industry Overview (2018)

Organic Product Authentication Certificates: 19,365 certificates issued.
Production Enterprises: 12,226 enterprises in China.
Certified Enterprises: 18,955 enterprises obtained certification.
Plant Production Area: 4.11 million hectares.
Wild Collection Production Area: 975,000 hectares.
Total Organic Crop Yield (Including Wild Collection): 13.356 million tons.
Wild Harvest Yield: 370,000 tons.
Organic Livestock and Poultry:
- Organic Sheep: 3.21 million.
- Organic Cattle: 880,000.
- Organic Pigs: 240,000.
Total Output of Livestock, Poultry and Animal Products: 5.182 million tons.
Organic Milk: 2.5714 million tons.
Total Production of Organic Aquatic Products: 559,500 tons.
Organic Aquatic Plant Products: 387,700 tons.
Total Production of Organic Processed Products: 4.8442 million tons.
Organic Processed Products - Grain Milling Yield: 1.5056 million tons.
Record Number of Organic Signs: 1.91 billion.
Record Number of Organic Labels of Sterilized Milk: 1.139 billion.
Total Output Value of Organic Products: 24.32 billion dollars.
Output Value of Organic Processing Products: 15.9 billion dollars.
Organic Sales: 9.21 billion dollars.
Organic Processing Products Sales: 8.7 billion dollars.
Overseas Certification of Chinese Standards:
- Number of Overseas Certification Countries: 41.
- Number of Overseas Certification Enterprises: 206.
- Number of Overseas Certification Certificates: 410.
Overseas Certification Area of Chinese Organic Products: 119,000 hectares.
Overseas Certification Production of Chinese Organic Products: 6.551 million tons.
Sugar Plant Yield: 3.805 million tons.
Overseas Certification Area of Organic Crops in China: 1.3551 million hectares.
Overseas Certification Production of Organic Crops in China: 5.7379 million tons.
Total Export Trade of Organic Products: 894 million dollars.
Total Trade Volume of Organic Products Exported: 705,100 tons.

2. Certification and Regulatory System

Competent Authority: The State Administration of Market Regulation (SAMR) / Certification and Accreditation Administration of the People's Republic of China (CNCA) oversees the certification system.
Certification Standards: The "Organic Product" (GB/T 19630) standard was established in 2005, drawing on international standards such as those from IFOAM, OCIA, and the EU.
Certification System Development: The system has been continuously revised and improved, with the latest updates in 2019.
Mutual Recognition with EU: In 2012, the China-EU Memorandum of Co-operation on Mutual Recognition of Organic Product Certification was signed, aiming to promote mutual understanding and cooperation in organic agriculture. However, the project has stalled.
Anti-counterfeiting and Tracing Systems: A national organic certification mark and an anti-counterfeiting code system have been implemented. Each label includes a unique 17-digit code and is linked to the CNCA's certification information system.
Supervision and Management: CNCA is responsible for the unified management, coordination, and supervision of organic product certification. Market supervision departments conduct on-site inspections and random testing to ensure compliance.

3. Production and Sales Trends

Organic Production Models: Organic production is increasingly being managed by agricultural enterprises that lease land, hire farmers, and use modern technology to improve quality and branding.
Organic Producers: Estimated at around 2 million, accounting for 0.14% of the population.
Organic Planting:
- Area: Increased from 464,000 hectares in 2005 to 3.135 million hectares in 2018 (excluding wild collection).
- Yield: Reached 12.986 million tons in 2018.
Organic Animal Husbandry:
- Livestock and Poultry: Sheep, cattle, pigs, and chickens are the main categories.
- Total Output: 5.182 million tons (including 348,100 tons of livestock and poultry).
Organic Processed Products:
- Total Output: 4.8442 million tons in 2018.
- Main Categories: Grain milling (31.08%), beverages (13.73%), processed liquid milk and cream (11.95%).
- Total Output of Processed Products: 56.76% of the total organic product output.
Export Situation:
- Total Export Trade: 894 million dollars.
- Total Export Volume: 705,100 tons.

4. Challenges and Opportunities

Challenges:
- Supply vs. Demand: Organic product supply exceeds domestic demand.
- Imbalance in Production and Consumption: Organic food production and consumption are unbalanced.
- Consumer Trust: Lack of consumer trust in organic products.
- Education and Technology: Low education level and weak organic technology among practitioners.
- High Prices: Organic products are more expensive than conventional ones, deterring consumer choice.
Opportunities:
- Certification System: Improved and continuously optimized.
- Government Support: Strong government encouragement for organic agriculture.
- Consumer Awareness: Increasing consumer awareness and preference for high-quality products.
- Urbanization: Driving up the price of conventional agricultural products.
- Organic Restaurants and Tourism: Promoting organic agriculture through urban tourism and organic dining.
- Import Opportunities: Growing potential for organic food imports.
- Future Trends: Continued development and expansion of the organic industry in China.

5. Conclusion

The organic industry in China has made significant progress, supported by a robust certification system and growing consumer interest. Despite challenges such as high costs and lack of trust, the industry is expected to grow further, especially with increased international cooperation and consumer transformation.

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