2021-11-23-世界银行-废旧铅酸蓄电池的回收利用_环境健康影响评估指南（英）_132页_8mb

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Summary: The text is a comprehensive set of guidelines focused on environmental health impacts and sampling methods related to used lead-acid battery recycling, particularly in low- and middle-income countries. Its primary goal is to provide a uniform framework for assessing exposure to contaminants like lead (Pb), arsenic (As), and cadmium (Cd) and linking it to specific health outcomes. The document outlines a grid-based sampling design for environmental media such as soil, dust, water, and agricultural products, including methodologies for both field-based and laboratory analysis. Biological sampling guidelines cover matrices like blood, urine, and hair, while health outcome assessments incorporate biomarkers of exposure and effect, including cognitive and renal effects. Ethical considerations and data compilation into regional databases are emphasized, along with strategies to build local capacity for impact evaluations and risk management. The content includes extensive resources, references, tables for quick reference, and appendices detailing specific tools and methods, all aimed at ensuring cost-effective, standardized approaches for environmental burden of disease studies.