2023-06-09-世界卫生组织-Multi-country_outbreak_of_mpox,_External_situation_report_24_–_10_June_2023_20页_1mb

报告摘要

Global Multi-Country Mpox Outbreak Summary (WHO External Situation Report 24, 10 June 2023)

Overview: A multi-country mpox outbreak continues with 87,929 laboratory-confirmed cases and 146 deaths reported from 111 countries across all WHO regions by 5 June 2023. The global risk assessment is moderate, with moderate risk in the African, Eastern Mediterranean, European, and Americas regions, and low risk in the South-East Asia and Western Pacific regions.
Recent Developments: Since the last WHO situation report on 26 May 2023, 552 new cases (0.6% increase in total cases) and six new deaths were reported. There has been a surge in cases in the African Region, particularly from Cameroon, Democratic Republic of the Congo, and Nigeria. Weekly cases globally decreased by 3% compared to the previous week but increased in the European and South-East Asia Regions. Some cases report delays in data submission.
Epidemiology:
- Demographics: 96.2% of cases are men (median age 34 years), with most cases concentrated in high-risk groups, including men who have sex with men (MSM), who account for 84.1% of cases.
- Transmission: Over 82% of reported transmission events involve skin-to-mucosal contact during sex. Sporadic cases occur in various settings, with parties being a notable exposure environment.
- Mortality: Age and sex distribution remain stable, with higher impacts in regions like the Americas.
WHO Recommendations and Advice:
- Prevention: Emphasize vaccination, symptom monitoring, testing, and safe practices during social events. Specifically, during Pride Month, target gay, bisexual, and other MSM communities for awareness and prevention, as mpox transmission remains high in these groups.
- Mental Health: Provide support for affected individuals and their families to address isolation, stigma, and distress. Key strategies include integrating mental health services into mpox response, reducing stigma, and offering resources like problem management plus (PM+) tools.
- Surveillance and Response: Strengthen case-based surveillance, decentralize diagnostics, and share best practices. Laboratories and countries are encouraged to enhance molecular testing and reporting.
Regional Updates:
- Americas: The Region of the Americas has the highest case burden with 59,445 cases (83.9% of global cases from top 10 affected countries). High rates among men (95.8%) and MSM (83.9%), with common comorbidities like HIV. WHO has supported vaccination, surveillance, and risk communication efforts.
- Other Regions: Africa shows increased transmission, while South-East Asia and Western Pacific have lower risks. Data limitations and reporting delays affect accurate tracking in some areas.
Additional Notes: Mpox can affect anyone, regardless of sexual orientation. Ongoing mental health support and stigma reduction are critical to containing the outbreak and ensuring equitable access to care. Countries should continuously update surveillance and follow WHO guidelines for prevention and clinical management.