2010年-世界发展银行全球_The_Little_Data_Book_2010_246页_2mb

The Little Data Book 2010 Summary

Core Information

The Little Data Book 2010 is a concise reference guide for the World Development Indicators (WDI) database, containing data for 210 countries and regions. It provides data for the years 1990, 2000, and 2008, with some entries including the most recent year. The book is published by the World Bank and includes a wide range of indicators across six key categories: People, Environment, Economy, States and markets, Global links, and Regional tables.

Key Features

• Data Availability: Some data are not available (marked as ..) or not calculable due to missing data.
• Units and Symbols:
  • 0 or 0.0 indicates zero or negligible values.
  • $ denotes current U.S. dollars.
• Notes: Detailed notes on country-specific data can be found on page 228.
• Population Threshold: Data are shown for economies with populations greater than 30,000 or for smaller economies if they are World Bank members.

Main Categories and Key Indicators

People

• Life Expectancy at Birth: Increased from 65 in 1990 to 69 in 2008.
• Total Fertility Rate: Declined from 3.3 to 2.5.
• Adolescent Fertility: Reduced from 60 to 51 per 1,000 women aged 15–19.
• Contraceptive Prevalence: Increased from 57% to 61% among married women aged 15–49.
• Births Attended by Skilled Health Staff: Rose from 50% to 66%.
• Under-five Mortality Rate: Decreased from 92 to 67 per 1,000.
• Child Immunization (Measles): Improved from 73% to 83%.
• Primary Completion Rate: Increased from 79% to 89%.
• Secondary Enrollment Rate: Grew from 50% to 66%.
• Ratio of Girls to Boys in Schools: Improved from 87% to 96%.
• HIV Prevalence: Generally low, ranging from 0.3% to 0.9% for the population aged 15–49.

Environment

• Forests: Slightly declined from 40,678 to 39,280 (in thousands of square kilometers).
• Deforestation Rate: Average annual deforestation was 0.2% in 2008.
• Freshwater Use: Increased from 9.0% to 10.2% of internal resources.
• Access to Improved Water Sources: Improved from 68% to 87%.
• Access to Improved Sanitation Facilities: Increased from 48% to 66%.
• Energy Use per Capita: Increased from 1,666 to 1,819 kilograms of oil equivalent.
• CO₂ Emissions per Capita: Increased from 4.3 to 4.4 metric tons.
• Electricity Use per Capita: Rose from 2,121 to 2,846 kilowatt-hours.

Economy

• GDP: Increased from $21,827.3 billion in 1990 to $61,063.3 billion in 2008.
• GDP Growth: Varied, with a peak of 8.0% in 2008.
• GDP Implicit Price Deflator: Increased from 7.6% to 8.4% annual growth.
• Value Added in Agriculture: Declined from 5% to 3% of GDP.
• Value Added in Industry: Reduced from 33% to 28% of GDP.
• Value Added in Services: Increased from 61% to 69% of GDP.
• Exports and Imports: Both increased as a percentage of GDP, with exports rising from 19% to 29% and imports from 19% to 29%.
• Gross Capital Formation: Increased from 23% to 22% of GDP in some regions.
• Central Government Revenue: Varied, with some regions showing an increase from 25.8% to 26.6% of GDP.

States and Markets

• Starting a Business (Days): Reduced from 36 to 19 in some regions.
• Stock Market Capitalization: Increased from 47.6% to 59.2% of GDP.
• Military Expenditures: Generally decreased from 3.6% to 2.4% of GDP.
• Mobile Cellular Subscriptions: Rose from 0 to 61 per 100 people.
• Internet Users: Increased from 0.0 to 23.9 per 100 people.
• Paved Roads: Improved from 35.3% to 43.2% in some regions.
• High-Technology Exports: Fluctuated, with some regions seeing an increase from 17% to 28% of manufactured exports.

Global Links

• Merchandise Trade: Increased from 32.2% to 52.5% of GDP.
• Foreign Direct Investment (FDI): Rose from $204 billion to $1,823 billion.
• Remittances Received: Grew from $69 billion to $443 billion.
• Net Official Development Assistance (ODA): Increased from $57 billion to $129 billion.
• Total External Debt Stocks: Rose from $234 billion to $772 billion.
• Total Debt Service: Decreased from 17.6% to 3.9% of exports.
• Net Migration: Negative values, indicating out-migration, ranging from -2.3 to -5.7 million.

Regional Overview

World

• Population: 6,697 million
• Population Growth: 1.2%
• GNI: $57,960.4 billion
• GNI per Capita: $8,654
• GNI, PPP: $69,260.5 billion
• GNI per Capita, PPP: $10,342

East Asia and Pacific

• Population: 1,930 million
• Population Growth: 0.7%
• GNI: $5,102.0 billion
• GNI per Capita: $2,644
• GNI, PPP: $10,469.5 billion
• GNI per Capita, PPP: $5,426

Europe and Central Asia

• Population: 443 million
• Population Growth: 0.3%
• GNI: $3,258.0 billion
• GNI per Capita: $7,350
• GNI, PPP: $5,300.6 billion
• GNI per Capita, PPP: $11,958

Latin America and the Caribbean

• Population: 566 million
• Population Growth: 1.1%
• GNI: $3,831.0 billion
• GNI per Capita: $6,768
• GNI, PPP: $5,841.0 billion
• GNI per Capita, PPP: $10,318

Middle East and North Africa

• Population: 325 million
• Population Growth: 1.8%
• GNI: $1,052.6 billion
• GNI per Capita: $3,237
• GNI, PPP: $2,347.8 billion
• GNI per Capita, PPP: $7,350

Sub-Saharan Africa

• Population: 956 million
• Population Growth: 2.4%
• GNI: $2,422.0 billion
• GNI per Capita: $2,533
• GNI, PPP: $3,615.0 billion
• GNI per Capita, PPP: $5,478

Key Trends

• Population Growth: Generally low, with the highest growth in Sub-Saharan Africa at 2.4%.
• Poverty Rates: Not specified in the World data, but generally improved in most regions.
• Economic Growth: Varied significantly across regions, with Latin America and the Caribbean showing the highest growth at 8.0%.
• GNI and PPP: Both increased over the years, with the highest GNI per capita in Europe and Central Asia.
• Education: Improved access to education, especially in secondary enrollment and gender ratios.
• Health: Significant improvements in child immunization and reduction in under-five mortality rates.
• Environmental Indicators: Mixed trends, with some regions showing deforestation and others improved access to water and sanitation.
• Technology and Infrastructure: Growth in mobile subscriptions and internet users, with improvements in paved roads.
• Global Integration: Increased merchandise trade and FDI inflows, while debt service decreased in some regions.

Conclusion

The Little Data Book 2010 serves as a comprehensive yet concise source of data for tracking development progress across the globe. It provides insights into key socio-economic and environmental indicators, highlighting both progress and challenges in various regions. The data emphasize the importance of monitoring poverty, health, education, and economic performance to support development strategies and policy-making.