2024-11-03-亚开行-重建更好的行业指南——第3卷_水_环境卫生和个人卫生（WASH）（英）_36页_5mb

This publication, "Build Back Better Sector Guides Volume 3: Water, Sanitation, and Hygiene (WASH)", published by the Asian Development Bank (ADB), provides comprehensive guidance on enhancing climate and disaster resilience in water, sanitation, and hygiene (WASH) systems through post-disaster recovery and reconstruction efforts.

Key elements discussed include:

1. ADB's Role: The ADB provides rapid technical support and emergency assistance loans to facilitate recovery and reconstruction, aligning with its Strategy 2030 and 2021 Disaster and Emergency Assistance Policy. It emphasizes timely planning, risk-informed sector plans, and leveraging national ownership.

2. Climate and Disaster Resilience Measures:

   • System-Wide Measures: Assessing catchment areas, improving governance, ensuring community participation and capacity building, sustainable operation and maintenance (O&M), phased implementation, temporary infrastructure, integrating WASH with other infrastructure, avoiding health risks in design.
   • Component-Specific Measures: For resilient water supply and treatment, storage and distribution, enhancing surface water management, developing robust sanitation and wastewater infrastructure, and ensuring hygiene accessible and functional.
   • Specific design recommendations include raised platforms for hand pumps, using appropriate pipe materials, gravity flow, diversified water sources, decentralized systems, improved early warning, nature-based solutions, and separating stormwater from sewerage.

3. Important Considerations: The recovery must incorporate lessons from disasters, address the specific needs of vulnerable groups (like women, girls, and the poor), and phase recovery carefully. These measures aim to move communities and infrastructure towards safer, more resilient states, improving access to safely managed WASH services and contributing to Sustainable Development Goal 6.

4. BBB Objectives: Beyond immediate resilience, objectives include providing equitable, affordable, safe access, reducing impacts on connected infrastructure, promoting sustainable solutions like circular economy principles, introducing new technologies for monitoring, and establishing new resilient value chains.

The report includes case studies from countries like Nepal, India, Sri Lanka, and Kerala, showcasing how projects integrated resilience measures into their rebuilding efforts.

Overall, this guide serves as a key resource for implementing climate-resilient and disaster-resistant WASH infrastructure in post-disaster scenarios, integrating technical guidance, principles, and lessons learned from ADB projects.