JRFM-金融科技和GDP对银行绩效会造成什么影响影响？来自全球的证据-17页_331kb

Summary of "Differential Impact of Fintech and GDP on Bank Performance: Global Evidence"

Objective

This study examines how fintech development influences bank performance across countries with varying income levels, using global data from 2014, 2017, and 2021. It segments countries into quartiles based on GDP per capita to investigate differential effects, addressing the backwardness advantage in less developed economies where fintech adoption may yield higher marginal benefits compared to advanced countries.

Key Method

The authors develop a new metric, abnormal fintech (AbFintech), by regressing standard fintech levels against GDP per capita to mitigate multicollinearity issues in regression analyses. This residual measure isolates the incremental impact of fintech beyond income-related factors. Data is sourced from the World Bank Findex Database, including bank performance indicators like return on assets (ROA), net interest margin (NIM), income mix, and cost-to-income ratio, along with country-level controls.

Findings

• AbFintech significantly improves bank performance, primarily in less developed countries. For instance:
  • In least developed countries, AbFintech increases ROA.
  • In 75th percentile countries, it boosts NIM and reduces the cost-to-income ratio (improving efficiency).
• In richer countries, AbFintech can worsen efficiency by increasing costs.
• No significant effects are found on income mix.
• The results confirm a gradient where marginal benefits of fintech adoption decline with higher income levels.

Conclusions and Implications

The study highlights that Fintech innovation disproportionately benefits less developed banking systems by expanding customer bases, reducing costs, and enhancing services, thus promoting financial inclusion. Policy implications suggest that banks in low-income countries should prioritize Fintech investments. Methodologically, the abnormal Fintech measure offers a tool for future comparative studies worldwide.

Limitations

• Relies on World Bank data starting in 2014, missing pre-2014 trends.
• The Fintech proxy (e.g., digital payments) may not capture all facets of Fintech; further research is needed.
• No direct assessment of security or risks associated with Fintech integration.