2022-06-07-世界卫生组织-Environmental_Health_Sri_Lanka_2022_country_profile_2页_187kb

Health and Environment Scorecard Summary: Sri Lanka

Air Pollution

• PM2.5 levels exceed WHO guidelines (annual mean: 17 μg/m³ vs. 5 μg/m³ standard)
• Air pollution contributes to health issues like stroke and ischemic heart disease; some data missing on direct deaths
• National policies for household clean fuels and energy exist but are incomplete; widespread lack of technology for cooking

Climate Change

• High emissions scenario (RCP8.5) leads to increased warm spell days, projected higher deaths in 2050 compared to the 1961-1990 period
• No national health and climate change strategy identified
• Some reliance on data from environmental research units

Chemicals

• IHR capacity for chemical events is low (fewer than 5 deaths per 100,000 children from poisonings annually)
• Sri Lanka is a party to the Minamata Convention on Mercury but lacks a poison center
• Core capacities partially attained but not fully, with missing data on some indicators

Radiation

• High deaths from melanoma and other skin cancers linked to radiation exposure
• No national regulations for standards on electromagnetic fields, artificial tanning devices, radon in dwellings, or emergencies

WASH (Water, Sanitation, and Hygiene)

• High percentage of population without safe drinking water and sanitation (some data absent)
• Financial resources for national WASH plans are limited (35-37% allocated)
• National plans may not be fully operationalized for safe services

Occupational Health

• Significant occupational risks: deaths and injuries common, with high informal employment (4% of total workforce)
• Some adherence to international labor conventions but not comprehensive, with moderate implementation of health and safety programs
• Heat-related deaths assessed under climate change projections, indicating indirect links