世界银行：2023年物流绩效指数报告_90页_4mb

Report Summary: Connecting to Compete 2023

Overview

The 2023 Logistics Performance Index (LPI) introduces a dual approach to measuring logistics performance using survey-based perceptions and actual movement data from tracking indicators.

Key Changes in Performance Measurement

• New "key performance indicators" assess actual shipping speeds using data from tracking:

  • Port dwell times show delays in importing/exporting
  • Connectivity indicates trade network robustness
  • Delivery time metrics quantify reliability
  

Impact of COVID-19 Pandemic

• Overall LPI scores remained stable despite major supply chain disruptions
• Timeliness component scores slightly worsened in most country groups
• Resilience factors included improved policy reforms and private sector adaptation

Key Findings

1. Top 12 performers remain high-income countries with minimal score changes since 2018
2. Infrastructure-related bottlenecks impact performance disproportionately in transit corridors
3. Environmental sustainability pressures grow alongside trade reliability needs
4. Landlocked countries continue facing significant transit delays
5. Growing demand for environmentally-friendly logistics options

New Data Sources

• Tracking data incorporated from:
  • Container ships (MarineTraffic)
  • Air cargo (Cargo IQ)
  • Postal networks (Universal Postal Union)
  • TradeLens blockchain platform

Policy Implications

Countries need balanced reforms:

• Customs and border procedures
• Physical infrastructure investments
• Public-private partnerships
• Digitalization initiatives
• Green logistics adoption

Conclusion

The seventh edition demonstrates an interesting resilience in logistics performance despite global disruptions, while highlighting opportunities for improvements through coordinated interventions and technological innovation.