2012-10-31-IRENA-Renewable_Energy_Country_Profiles_for_the_Middle_East_34页_11mb

Summary of IRENA Renewable Energy Country Profiles for Middle East (November 2012)

The report provides country-specific profiles of renewable energy developments in the Middle East, compiled by the International Renewable Energy Agency (IRENA). It is based on data from 2009 to 2012 and includes analyses of energy supply, electricity generation, grid capacity, access rates, and renewable resource endowments.

Key findings include:

• Renewable Energy Adoption: Renewable energy constitutes a very small percentage (often 0-3.4%) of total primary energy supply and electricity generation across most countries, with most relying heavily on fossil fuels like oil and natural gas.
• Policies and Targets: Countries like Iran, Israel, and Jordan have set specific renewable energy targets (e.g., 5-20% by 2020-2030), while others lack clear goals. Policies include feed-in tariffs, subsidies, and national renewable energy strategies.
• Economic and Access Data: Population, GDP, and electricity use per capita vary widely (e.g., Bahrain's GDP per capita is high at ~$45,000, while Yemen's is $1,291). Electricity access rates are high in some countries (>98%) but lower in Yemen.
• Resource Assessment: Renewable resources like solar and wind are rated as high or medium in many countries, despite underutilization, due to factors like policy gaps or resource feasibility.
• Regional Disparities: There are significant differences in renewable integration, with some nations (e.g., Saudi Arabia planning up to 54 GW by 2032) showing ambition, while others lag due to limited policy implementation or resource challenges.
• Overall Trends: The report highlights that data varies by country, and IRENA aims to expand the scope and enhance indicators to support global comparisons.

The profiles underscore the potential for renewable development in the region but note barriers such as reliance on fossil fuels and inconsistent policy enforcement.