2022-11-30-世界卫生组织-Multi-country_outbreak_of_mpox,_External_situation_report_11_-_1_December_2022_19页_1mb

报告摘要

Global Trends (up to Nov 27, 2022): 81,107 laboratory-confirmed cases and 55 deaths reported from 110 countries across all WHO regions.
Case Decline: Cases globally decreased by 46% in the week ending Nov 27 compared to the previous week.
Regional Impact: Highest case counts in the US, Brazil, Spain, France, and Colombia. The Americas and Europe reported the highest number of cases and deaths.

WHO Global Risk: Moderate
Regional Risks:
- European Region and Region of the Americas: High risk
- African Region, Eastern Mediterranean Region, Southeast Asia: Moderate
- Western Pacific Region: Low risk

Population Affected: Cases predominantly affected young men (96.9% of those with known data). Median age: 34 years.
Transmission: Primary mode of transmission was through skin and mucosal contact during sexual activity (70.9% of reported events).
Exposure Settings: Highest among party settings with sexual contact (59%).
Mpox in Females: Proportion of female cases gradually increasing; median age 30 years; majority heterosexual or female/male partnerships; symptoms similar to males in terms of rash manifestation.

Prevalence: 52% of cases with known HIV status were HIV-positive.
Risk Factors: People living with HIV (PLWH) may be at higher risk for severe mpox if immune function is compromised; testing for HIV recommended among people with mpox.

Clinical Management: Use tecovirimat for treatment under specific conditions including expanded access protocols.
Vaccination: Post-exposure prophylaxis recommended for close contacts.
Response Measures:
- Enhanced surveillance and case investigation.
- Laboratory network strengthening.
- Public health advice tailored to high-risk groups.
- Community engagement focused on stigma reduction and prevention.