2014-12-31-世界卫生组织-2015_GSHS_Fact_Sheet_Nepal_6页_286kb

Nepal GSHS 2015 Fact Sheet Summary

Study Design & Population

• A school-based survey of students in grades 7-11 (aged 13-17).
• Used a two-stage cluster sampling design.
• School selection weighted by enrollment.
• Classes randomly selected; all eligible students included.
• Response rates: School (92%), Student (75%), Overall (69%).
• Total participants: 6,529 students.

Measured Areas

• Alcohol Use
• Dietary Behaviors (underweight, overweight, obesity, soft drink consumption)
• Drug Use
• Hygiene (teeth cleaning, handwashing)
• Mental Health (suicidal ideation/attempts, close friends)
• Physical Activity
• Protective Factors (permission absence, parental understanding, monitoring)
• Sexual Behaviors (intercourse onset, ever intercourse)
• Tobacco Use
• Violence & Unintentional Injury (physical fights, serious injuries, bullying)

Key Findings by Category

• Alcohol: Males have higher current and lifetime drunkenness rates. Early initiation among ever drinkers (especially males).
• Diet: Significant proportions underweight or overweight in all age/gender groups. High consumption of carbonated soft drinks across all groups, higher among males.
• Drug Use: Some early initiation (before age 14) among ever users. Marijuana use higher among males; overall drug use trends lower without grouping.
• Hygiene: Generally high frequency of teeth cleaning (86-88% daily); handwashing after toilet/lavage lower (4-5%), higher among females.
• Mental Health: Very high prevalence of suicidal ideation (13-15%) and attempts (10%) across all groups, particularly pronounced among young females. Many lacked close friends (4-5%).
• Physical Activity: Very low levels of daily physical activity (14-15%).
• Protective Factors: Parental understanding varies by gender.
  • Parental permission absence varied.
  • Parental monitoring of free time decreased the most among males.
• Sexual Behaviors: High proportion had intercourse by ages 13-17, with notable early onset among some (especially males). Condom use reported occasionally during last intercourse.
• Tobacco: Higher reported use among males, especially cigarettes.
• Violence & Injury: Significant percentages reported physical fights (39-45%) and bullying (50-52%) in the past month/year. High rates of serious injury (64%).

Important Note

• Some data categories are marked unavailable ("...").

Contact

• Dr. Krishna Aryal, Ministry of Health Complex, Kathmandu, Nepal; Email: krish.aryal@gmail.com
• WHO/GSHS Information: http://www.who.int/chp/gshs/en/
• CDC/GSHS Information: http://www.cdc.gov/gshs