世界银行-干旱风险和抗灾能力评估方法_管理干旱风险的积极方法（英）-2025_98页_7mb

Drought Risk and Resilience Assessment Methodology (DRRA)

Introduction

The World Bank's Global Department for Water integrates financing, knowledge, and implementation to address drought and support water security. The Global Water Security & Sanitation Partnership (GWSP) provides funding for water-related initiatives. Droughts are increasing in frequency and severity, causing significant economic, social, and environmental impacts, especially in the Global South.

DRRA Methodology Overview

The DRRA framework provides a structured approach to assess drought risk and prioritize interventions to enhance resilience. It builds on existing data and methodologies, focusing on proactive management to mitigate impacts.

Key Components:

• Block I: Scoping Coordination and Capacity

  • Evaluates institutional readiness, existing partnerships, and government coordination.
  • Ensures stakeholder involvement and ownership for successful implementation.

• Block II: Assess Drought Risk

  • Characterizes drought hazards (past, current, and future trends).
  • Assesses impacts and vulnerabilities to identify high-risk areas.
  • Methods include qualitative, semi-quantitative, and data-driven approaches.

• Block III: Evaluate Current Resilience

  • Reviews existing drought response and preparedness mechanisms.
  • Uses the Menu of Measures (MoM) based on the EPIC Response framework.

• Block IV: Prioritize Areas for Action

  • Identifies and prioritizes investment options to reduce risk and build resilience.
  • Incorporates cost-benefit analysis and multi-criteria decision-making tools.

Implementation Considerations:

• Flexibility: Adapts to country-specific contexts, data availability, and resources.
• Complementary Tools: Leverages resources like the GFDRR risk assessment guide, EDORA Project, and Climate Change Knowledge Portal.
• Challenges: Addresses data gaps, institutional barriers, and the need for long-term planning.

Benefits and Outcomes

• Supports evidence-based decision-making for drought-prone regions.
• Enhances collaboration between governments, donors, and development partners.
• Promotes nature-based solutions (NbS) and integrated approaches for sustainable resilience.

Conclusion

The DRRA methodology provides a comprehensive framework for transitioning from reactive to proactive drought management, enabling countries to better prepare for and mitigate the impacts of droughts. The approach can be tailored to different contexts and should be integrated with existing initiatives like the EPIC Response framework and Country Climate and Development Reports (CCDRs).